生物膜作为自我塑造的生长神体.
Japinder Nijjer1, Changhao Li2, Mrityunjay Kothari3,4
1Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
Nature physics
|July 26, 2024
概括
活体体质物,消耗能量的活性物质,可以积极地塑造它们的边界. 细菌生物膜展示了生长诱导的压力如何调节内部结构和细胞组织.
科学领域:
- 软物质物理学 软物质物理学
- 生物物理学的生物物理.
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
背景情况:
- 活跃的敌人是不平衡的系统,表现出由能源消耗驱动的新兴行为.
- 它们的顺序和动态对边界条件敏感,类似于被动液晶.
- 活跃的敌人有可能通过自我产生的压力来调节他们的边界.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究三维的活体神体如何积极塑造边界和调节内部架构.
- 模拟由水凝所限制的细菌生物膜,作为研究生长诱导压力的系统.
- 了解边界进化,应力异构和细胞排序和拓缺陷等新兴性质之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 使用细菌生物膜被限制在水凝中作为模型系统.
- 观察到的形状转变 (从圆顶到透镜),受环境刚性和细胞基质摩擦的影响.
- 开发了一个理论模型,结合了封闭和界面力量来解释形状过渡.
主要成果:
- 通过生长诱导的压力来证明活跃的边界塑造和内部架构调节.
- 确定了与环境变化相关的生物膜形状的急剧转变.
- 表明边界进化和应力异构性决定了细胞的方向和拓缺陷的出现.
结论:
- 活着的虫可以通过生长诱导的压力来积极控制自己的边界和内部组织.
- 生物膜形状的转变是由限制和界面力量之间的平衡所支配的.
- 这些发现为设计具有可编程材料特性的微生物联盟提供了洞察力.
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