在多发性骨髓瘤中,BCMA CAR-T疗法后促进长期细胞衰减的分子机制
Maria Luisa Palacios-Berraquero1,2, Paula Rodriguez-Marquez3,2, Maria Erendira Calleja-Cervantes3,4
1Hematology and Cell Therapy Department, Cancer Center Clinica Universidad de Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain.
Blood advances
|July 26, 2024
概括
对多发性骨髓瘤的化学抗原受体T细胞 (CAR-T) 治疗可以通过阻止造血干细胞分化,导致严重的细胞衰竭. 抑制特定的炎症途径可能会减轻这种血液毒性.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 血液学 血液学 血液学
- 在瘤学瘤学.
背景情况:
- 血液毒性是CAR-T疗法的常见和严重的副作用,特别是在复发性/耐药性多发性骨髓瘤 (MM) 中.
- 了解CAR-T诱导的细胞衰竭背后的机制对于制定缓解策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在接受BCMA CAR-T治疗的患者中描述细胞衰竭的动力学.
- 为了确定预测持续性细胞衰竭的因素.
- 调查CAR-T细胞影响血造干细胞和原生细胞 (HSPC) 差异化的近细胞机制.
主要方法:
- 用BCMA CAR-T细胞治疗的48名患者中细胞衰竭的分析.
- 基线特征和炎症标志物的相关性与细胞衰竭的持续性.
- 使用从激活的CAR-T细胞 (spCAR) 获得的超体来评估对HSPCs的影响的ex vivo髓状细胞分化模型.
- 暴露于spCAR的HSPCs的单细胞RNA测序.
主要成果:
- 观察到细胞衰竭的高发病率 (95.7%),在一些患者中长期存在显著的血栓衰竭和中性衰竭.
- 基线细胞衰竭和炎症标志物升高与持续长达3个月的细胞衰竭相关.
- 激活的CAR-T细胞超剂 (spCAR) 诱导HSPC分化停止,促进未成熟的表型.
- spCAR上调早期造血转录因子 (GATA2,RUNX1,CEBPA) 和降低中性粒细胞/单细胞成熟因子 (ID2,MAFB).
结论:
- 在多发性骨髓瘤患者中,BCMA CAR-T疗法经常导致显著和持久的血液毒性.
- 卡特-T激活通过对膜信号传递诱导HSPC成熟停止,可能由特定的炎症性细胞因子介导.
- 针对炎症途径 (IFNγ,TNFα/β,TGFβ,IL-6,IL-17) 可能提供治疗策略来减少CAR-T诱导的细胞衰竭.
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