艺术和文化参与以及老年人随后的社会缺陷:一项为期三年的纵向研究,使用日本老年学评估研究
Taiji Noguchi1, Jessica K Bone2, Tami Saito3
1Department of Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda, Japan.
Social science & medicine (1982)
|July 26, 2024
概括
持续或增加艺术和文化参与显著减少老年人的孤独感. 多元化和创造性的参与也降低了社会隔离,这表明定制的计划可以打击社会赤字.
科学领域:
- 老年学与公共卫生
- 衰老的社会学 衰老的社会学
- 艺术与健康研究 艺术与健康研究
背景情况:
- 孤独和孤立等社会缺陷是老龄化人口的重大担忧.
- 关于艺术和文化参与对社会赤字的保护作用的证据主要来自西方国家.
- 这些保护性关联在亚洲文化背景中的适用性,特别是在日本等快速衰老的社会中,仍然不太了解.
研究的目的:
- 探索艺术与文化参与之间的关联,考虑参与的连续性和类型,以及日本老年人中孤独和社会隔离.
- 调查持续或随着时间的推移增加的参与是否与减少社会赤字有关.
- 确定特定类型的参与 (例如,接受性,创造性,多样性) 是否对孤独和社会隔离更有保护作用.
主要方法:
- 一项为期三年的纵向研究,涉及4383名老年人 (平均年龄74.3岁),来自日本老年学评估研究 (2019-2022).
- 参与连续性被分为没有,减少,增加和持续参与.
- 隐性类别分析确定了四种参与类型:低参与度,接受性,创造性和多样性. 孤独和社会隔离被用经过验证的尺度 (UCLA 3项孤独尺度,社会隔离指数) 来衡量.
- 使用普通最小平方回归来分析参与变量与结果之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 与没有参与的人相比,增加或维持艺术和文化参与的个人报告的孤独程度明显较低.
- 持续的参与也与较低的社会隔离程度有关.
- 多样化的参与与较低的孤独感有关,而创意和多样化的参与类型与较低的参与相比,与较低的社会隔离有关.
结论:
- 艺术和文化参与,特别是当长期持续时,在日本老年人中表现出对孤独和社会隔离的保护性关联.
- 促进多样化和创造性的参与形式可能对减轻这一人口群体的社会赤字至关重要.
- 干预措施应侧重于促进在艺术和文化活动中持续和多样化的参与,以支持老龄化人口的福祉.
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