双胞胎身份与青春期早期的认知,行为发展和大脑结构之间的关联:基于青少年大脑认知发展研究的回顾性队列分析
Qiongjie Zhou1,2, Xingzhong Zhao3, Jingqi Chen3,4,5
1Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200023, China.
European child & adolescent psychiatry
|July 26, 2024
概括
青少年双胞胎的认知功能略低,大脑皮质体积较小,但与单身双胞胎相比,行为结果更好. 这些发现突出了双胞胎的发育差异,影响了临床概括.
科学领域:
- 发育神经科学的发展神经科学.
- 青少年心理学 青少年心理学
- 人类遗传学 人类遗传学
背景情况:
- 双胞胎出生与增加的孕产妇和胎儿风险有关.
- 关于青少年双胞胎和单身双胞胎之间的认知,行为和大脑结构比较的理解有限.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较早期青少年双胞胎与单身双胞胎的认知发育,行为结果和大脑结构.
- 调查过早生育,出生体重和形状等因素对这些比较的影响.
主要方法:
- 使用美国青少年大脑认知发展 (ABCD) 研究数据的回顾性队列研究.
- 招收的儿童数量为11,545名 (9-10岁),其中包括2068名双胞胎和9477名单身双胞胎.
- 评估认知功能 (NIH工具箱),行为 (儿童行为检查清单) 和大脑结构 (MRI衍生的皮质厚度,面积,体积).
主要成果:
- 双胞胎的认知能力略低 (P < 0.001),皮质体积 (P < 0.001) 和皮质面积 (P < 0.001) 较小.
- 双胞胎表现出更好的行为结果,精神疾病和行为问题得分较低 (P < 0.015).
- 观察到的差异在子组分析 (早产,出生体重,形) 中持续存在,并且在随访数据中一致.
结论:
- 双胞胎身份与青春期早期不同的认知,行为和大脑结构概况有关.
- 临床医生在将青少年双胞胎的发现推断到单身双胞胎时,应该考虑这些差异.
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