概括
这项研究通过分析视觉作为一个不分割的整体来探索意识,超越了自下而上的出现. 它为理解主观经验和弥合神经科学中的解释性差距提供了一个新的框架.
科学领域:
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 现象学的现象学
- 思想的哲学 思想的哲学
背景情况:
- 关于意识的辩论由自下而上的出现主导,阻碍了弥合解释差距的努力.
- 关于视觉的科学研究努力调和客观方法与主观经验.
- 吉斯塔尔特心理学的见解在很大程度上被认知神经科学所吸收,忽视了核心的现象学方面.
研究的目的:
- 分析视觉作为一个不分割的整体,解决意识的本质作为自我参考性.
- 提出一种替代的框架来理解超越对个体感知的关注的现象意识.
- 为了澄清现象学,心理物理学和神经科学之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 基于格斯塔尔特心理学原则建立的实验现象学.
- 对主观视觉体验的分析,包括模态轮,颜色,光感知以及空间/时间方面.
- 通过实验镜头讨论现象意识的基本维度.
主要成果:
- 实验现象学在模态轮,颜色和主观时空等领域产生了新的结果.
- 现有的研究,虽然为神经科学提供了信息,但并没有直接将意识作为自我参考性解决.
- 这项研究提出了一种新的方法来分析主观经验中部分的不可分离性.
结论:
- 建议改变思维方式,以分析视觉作为一个不分割的整体,提供一种逃避当前方法的局限性的方法.
- 这种方法揭示了现象学,心理物理学和神经科学的相互依赖.
- 了解意识需要解决它的自我参考性质,超越仅仅是感知分析.
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