神经发育障碍中的非典型感官处理:学龄前儿童的临床表型
Federica Gigliotti1, Federica Giovannone1, Arianna Belli1
1Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.
Children (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 27, 2024
概括
在神经发育障碍 (NDD),特别是自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 中,感官处理问题很常见. 这些挑战与行为问题相关,可能涉及特定的感官脆弱性.
科学领域:
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 感官处理 感官处理
- 儿童心理学 儿童心理学
背景情况:
- 在神经发育障碍 (NDD) 中,感官处理问题很普遍,报告的发病率在20%至95%之间差异很大.
- 了解这些感官挑战对于全面的NDD评估和干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究 NDD 的学龄前儿童的感官处理.
- 为了确定这个人群中感官处理问题的患病率.
- 识别与感官处理差异相关的临床和心理测量变量.
主要方法:
- 研究了2-5岁的141名患有NDD的儿童,分为自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 和其他NDD组.
- 进行了标准化的神经心理评估 (格里菲斯III/WPPSI-III/Leiter-R,ADOS-2).
- 父母填写的问卷 (CBCL 1⁄2-5,SPM-P,ADI-R) 评估了行为和感官模式.
主要成果:
- 在总样本的39.7%中发现了非典型的感官处理,在ASD (44.4%) 中高于其他NDD (34.8%).
- 基于性别或发育水平,没有观察到感官处理的显著差异.
- 在感官处理异常和行为问题之间发现了显著的正相关性 (p < 0.01).
结论:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 与其他NDD相比,表现出非典型感官处理的频率更高.
- 患有自闭症的儿童在处理自感和前庭感官输入方面可能具有特定的脆弱性.
- 在所有患有NDD的儿童中,应考虑感官处理困难,特别是那些有行为问题的儿童,无论发展水平如何.
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