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建筑环境和基于性别的脆弱性是阿勒盖尼县粮食不安全的主要驱动因素
Alex Firestine1, Audrey J Murrell1,2
1College of Business Administration, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.
概括
阿勒盖尼县的粮食不安全与家庭结构和食品出售点的准入有关. 有更多女性主管家庭的社区面临更高的粮食不安全,特别是当杂货店无法或难以进入时.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 城市规划 城市规划
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
背景情况:
- 粮食不安全影响了阿勒盖尼县五分之一的居民,不成比例地影响了妇女,特别是那些主管家庭的妇女.
- 心脏病和高血压等慢性健康状况与粮食不安全有关.
- 粮食可获得性的区域差异需要检查食品出口的可用性和公平获得可持续的,负担得起的粮食来源.
研究的目的:
- 探索在阿勒盖尼县的食品出售点可用性,可访问性和粮食不安全率之间的关系.
- 为了确定食品出口的存在和公共交通的接近是否与粮食不安全相关.
- 调查家庭结构,特别是由女性领导的家庭在粮食不安全中的作用.
主要方法:
- 检查了阿勒盖尼县的食品商店,将它们的存在和可访问性与人口普查区一级的粮食不安全率进行了比较.
- 计算每个食品店到最近的公共交通站的步行距离,以衡量可访问性.
- 对比最低距离和粮食不安全率,分析女性主管家庭比例的影响.
主要成果:
- 缺乏杂货店的社区对健康,负担得起的食物的获取减少了.
- 女性主管家庭的比例较高与粮食不安全性增加相关,不管食物出口的准入.
- 从公共交通工具到杂货店的距离与包括低收入地区在内的整体粮食不安全率之间没有显著的关系.
- 无法进入的杂货店 (没有公共交通或距离公共交通很远) 加剧了女性主管家庭比例较高的地区的粮食不安全.
结论:
- 建筑环境的结构因素导致了女性主管家庭中不成比例的粮食不安全率.
- 仅仅依靠与食品店的物理距离可能会误导;家庭或个人层面的可行性是一个更准确的指标.
- 对边缘化群体的资源支持和对衡量粮食获取的细微方法对于解决粮食不安全问题至关重要.
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