在非洲为发展障碍儿童创造以家庭为中心的支持:当地社区干预措施的例子
Roy McConkey1, Sally Allen2, Chipo Mlambo2
1Institute of Nursing and Health Research, Ulster University, Belfast BT15 1ED, UK.
概括
在津巴布韦,基于社区的早期干预计划成功地支持残疾学龄前儿童及其家属. 这种方法表明,即使资金有限,弱势社区也可以有效地满足最弱势居民的需求.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 发育儿科 发育儿科
- 社区健康 社区健康
背景情况:
- 特别是在低收入国家,残疾的学龄前儿童及其家属经常被排除在公共卫生倡议之外.
- 早期干预对于促进儿童发育和改善家庭生活质量至关重要.
- 弱势群体有能力满足边缘化群体的需求.
研究的目的:
- 描述在津巴布韦实施基于社区的方法来支持残疾学龄前儿童及其家属.
- 分享来自非洲的发现和研究,以促进其在其他社区的复制.
- 在资源有限的环境中展示早期干预的可复制模型.
主要方法:
- 在津巴布韦的两个地方实施了以社区为基础的方法:哈拉雷的一个乡镇和马尼卡兰省的农村.
- 使用逻辑模型概述了项目投入,活动和儿童和护理人员的支持机制.
- 项目成果 (受益者,活动) 和对儿童,家庭和社区的成果被记录下来.
主要成果:
- 基于社区的项目通过各种活动成功地为特定数量的受益者提供了支持.
- 对参与的儿童,他们的家庭和更广泛的社区来说,取得了积极的成果.
- 这些项目证明了可持续性和扩展潜力,以满足进一步的未满足需求.
结论:
- 基于社区的干预措施有效地支持残疾学龄前儿童及其低收入环境中的家庭.
- 资金有限并不妨碍成功实施重要的早期干预计划.
- 弱势社区可以通过有针对性的支持,赋予他们服务于最边缘化的成员的权力.
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