对于患有干性和神经血管性AMD患者的治疗选择的概述
Dorota Śpiewak1,2, Łukasz Drzyzga1,2, Mariola Dorecka1,3
1Department of Ophthalmology, Prof. K. Gibiński University Clinical Center, Medical University of Silesia, 40-514 Katowice, Poland.
Journal of clinical medicine
|July 27, 2024
概括
与年龄相关的黄斑变性 (AMD) 是导致失明的主要原因. 新的治疗方法针对干性AMD的补充蛋白和湿性AMD的抗VEGF药物,正在进行药物输送和基因疗法的研究.
科学领域:
- 眼科医生 眼科 眼科
- 遗传学 遗传学 是一个
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
背景情况:
- 与年龄相关的黄斑变性 (AMD) 是全球不可逆转失明的主要原因,由人口老龄化加剧.
- 晚年老化发展受到不可修改因素 (遗传学,年龄,性别) 和可修改因素 (吸烟,饮食,高血压) 的影响.
- 早期的AMD呈现 fundus drusen 和视网膜色素表皮异常;高级阶段涉及地理缩和胆道新血管化 (CNV).
研究的目的:
- 审查与年龄相关的黄斑变性 (AMD) 的当前和新兴治疗策略.
- 为了突出治疗AMD干燥和湿形式的进展.
- 探索AMD治疗的未来方向,包括药物输送和再生医学.
主要方法:
- 审查最近的临床试验和AMD治疗方法的研究.
- 对针对补充级联 (C3,C5) 和抗血管内皮生长因子 (抗VEGF) 治疗的新药学药物的分析.
- 检查不同的静脉内注射方案和新的药物输送系统.
主要成果:
- 佩格塞塔科普兰和阿瓦辛卡普塔德佩戈尔已被批准用于高级干性AMD,分别准补充蛋白C3和C5.
- 静脉内抗VEGF药物 (贝瓦齐祖马布,拉尼比祖马布,阿弗利塞普特,布罗卢齐祖马布,法里西马布) 是新血管AMD (nAMD) 的标准药物.
- 治疗和延长方案显示了对nAMD的最佳视力敏度改善;持续释放植入物和水凝正在研究药物输送.
结论:
- 在使用向疗法治疗晚期AMD方面取得了显著进展.
- 静脉内注射仍然是nAMD的基石,随着管理策略的不断变化.
- 干细胞疗法和基因疗法代表了对干燥和nAMD的管理有前途的未来途径.
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