在疫苗接种后的时代,五个拉丁美洲国家出现了严重的COVID-19结果
Guilherme Silva Julian1, Júlia Spinardi2,3, Melissa Diaz-Puentes4
1Evidence Generation Medical Affairs, Pfizer Inc., São Paulo 04717-904, Brazil.
Viruses
|July 27, 2024
概括
在五个拉丁美洲国家,男性,老年人和2021年与2022年相比,COVID-19的住院和死亡等结果在男性,老年人中较高. 这些发现凸显了针对性公共卫生战略的必要性,以减轻COVID-19严重影响.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染病监测 传染病监测 传染病
背景情况:
- 拉丁美洲各地的COVID-19疫苗接种实施情况各不相同.
- 了解临床形状和结果对于公共卫生战略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 分析了五个拉丁美洲国家的临床形状,住院,ICU入院,呼吸器支持和死亡率.
- 在2021年1月至2022年12月的COVID-19疫苗接种实施背景下评估这些结果.
主要方法:
- 使用来自五个拉丁美洲国家的国家COVID-19监测数据进行的回顾性研究.
- 对确诊的COVID-19病例的社会人口统计特征,并发病症,临床结果和疫苗接种状态的分析.
- 每1000例确诊病例或住院病例的住院,ICU入院,呼吸器支持和死亡率的计算.
主要成果:
- 与女性相比,男性的住院,ICU入院,呼吸器支持和死亡率更高.
- 2021年的比率高于2022年的水平,50岁以上的人群的比率明显高于50岁以下的人群.
- 高血压和糖尿病是墨西哥和哥伦比亚最常见的并发症.
结论:
- 在男性,老年人和早期研究期间 (2021) 中,COVID-19的结果不成比例地更高.
- 这些发现强调了在公共卫生干预中考虑人口因素和并发症的重要性.
- 针对已识别的风险群体的有针对性的预防和治疗策略可以改善公共卫生结果.
相关概念视频
01:51Vaccinations
44.3K
Overview
44.3K
01:08Prevalence and Incidence
415
In statistical epidemiology and health sciences, two essential metrics—prevalence and incidence—are fundamental for understanding disease dynamics within a population. These measures enable public health officials, epidemiologists, and researchers to assess the burden of diseases, allocate resources effectively, and design impactful public health policies and interventions.
Prevalence indicates the proportion of individuals in a population who have a specific disease or health...
Prevalence indicates the proportion of individuals in a population who have a specific disease or health...
415
01:29Bias in Epidemiological Studies
216
Biases can arise at various stages of research, from study design and data collection to analysis and interpretation. Recognizing and addressing these biases is essential to ensure the validity and reliability of epidemiological findings.Broadly speaking, biases in epidemiology fall into three main categories: selection bias, information bias, and confounding. A more detailed description of possible biases is:
216
01:20COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features
251
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a group of lung conditions that progressively worsen over time, including chronic bronchitis and emphysema. This cluster of diseases collectively leads to a gradual and irreversible decline in lung function over time.
The primary cause for the onset of COPD is cigarette smoking and exposure to air pollution. These hazardous factors initiate a chain reaction within the lungs, resulting in chronic inflammation, damage to the airways, and a...
The primary cause for the onset of COPD is cigarette smoking and exposure to air pollution. These hazardous factors initiate a chain reaction within the lungs, resulting in chronic inflammation, damage to the airways, and a...
251
01:30Pneumonia III: Complications and Assessment
194
Pneumonia poses the potential for numerous complications that warrant consideration. These complications include the following:
194
01:21Causality in Epidemiology
363
Causality or causation is a fundamental concept in epidemiology, vital for understanding the relationships between various factors and health outcomes. Despite its importance, there's no single, universally accepted definition of causality within the discipline. Drawing from a systematic review, causality in epidemiology encompasses several definitions, including production, necessary and sufficient, sufficient-component, counterfactual, and probabilistic models. Each has its strengths and...
363