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循环T毛囊辅助细胞的年龄相关下降与COVID-19的老年患者的疾病严重程度相关

Yihan Wang¹, Qiu Wang², Furong He¹

¹Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, No. 22 Qixiangtai Road, Tianjin 300070, China.

Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.)

|July 27, 2024

概括

衰老显著增加COVID-19的严重程度通过耗尽关键的T毛囊辅助细胞 (Tfh) 和T毛囊调节细胞 (Tfr). 疫苗接种使这些细胞再生,增强抗体的产生,改善老年人的结果.

科学领域:

免疫学免疫学免疫学
老年学是一门学科.
病毒学病毒学

背景情况:

老龄化是严重的COVID-19的主要风险因素之一.
特定的T细胞子集随着年龄的增长而变化,以及它们在COVID-19严重性中的作用需要澄清.

研究的目的:

为了研究老年COVID-19患者的年龄依赖的T细胞子集变化.
评估这些子集对疾病严重程度和抗体产生的影响.
评估SARS-CoV-2疫苗接种对这些免疫细胞和反应的影响.

主要方法:

招募了57名老年COVID-19患者和27名康复的捐赠者.
评估了COVID-19严重程度范围内的适应性免疫力.
分析了循环T毛囊调节细胞 (cTfh) 的子集和循环T毛囊调节细胞 (cTfr) 的比例.

主要成果:

老年患者表现出与年龄相关的CD4+ T淋巴缺血和各种cTfh子集的丧失 (cTfh-em,cTfh-cm,cTfh1,cTfh2,cTfh17) 和cTfr.
这些cTfh和cTfr子集与COVID-19的严重程度相关.
疫苗接种改善了cTfh-cm,cTfh2,cTfr比例,并增强了中和抗体 (NAb) 的产生.

结论:

在cTfh子集和cTfr中依赖年龄的缺陷会损害NAb的产生,在老年人中恶化COVID-19的严重程度.
接种SARS-CoV-2疫苗会使cTfh和cTfr细胞再生,从而加剧NAb反应并减轻疾病的严重程度.

关键词:

衰老的衰老衰老的衰老在 COVID-19 疫情中,循环的T毛囊辅助细胞.老年患者的患者.淋巴细胞减少症 (Lymphopenia) 是一种接种疫苗接种疫苗

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