概括
行动需求的本地变化引发了节的行动计划修改,而不是完全重置. 在对立的动作之间切换是有效的,建议专门的"反转"操作以进行更简单的响应调整.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 人类运动控制器
- 决策方式 决策方式
背景情况:
- 行动计划是指导运动执行的认知表现.
- 任务需求的变化可能需要对正在进行的行动计划进行调整.
- 行动计划更新背后的机制尚未完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 调查行动需求的局部变化是否导致现有行动计划的节修改或完全重置.
- 检查行动计划修改操作的效率,特别是对抗反应.
- 探索在认知规划中对双动作和零动作的表现.
主要方法:
- 一种使用可靠线索来指示行动要求的实验程序.
- 在四个实验中提示有效性的系统变化.
- 对各种操作条件 (左,右,双,零) 的响应时间和错误率的测量.
主要成果:
- 行动计划修改得到了支持,而不是重置-重新选择,特别是在左和右响应之间切换.
- 在两极相反的动作之间切换 ("反转"操作) 是更快,更容易出现错误.
- 双重行动是整体表示的,而不是单一行动的总和.
- 从 null 切换到 overt 动作涉及与其他切换器类似的修改操作.
- 对行动要求的试验对试验和提示信号不一致性影响产生了类似的结果.
结论:
- 认知系统使用高效的行动计划修改操作来适应不断变化的任务需求.
- 一个专门的"反转"操作可方便在对立的动作之间快速切换.
- 无效行动被表现为不同的行动计划,而不仅仅是缺乏行动.
- 基于线索的行动计划,即使没有执行,也会影响行动切换动态.
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