向了解蝙蝠飞行起源的理解迈进
Abigail E Burtner1, David M Grossnickle1,2, Sharlene E Santana1
1University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.
PeerJ
|July 29, 2024
概括
蝙蝠是从滑翔的祖先进化而来的,四肢形态逐渐转变. 这项研究模拟了四肢的进化,表明滑翔机具有中间前肢和后肢,支持滑翔到飞行的过渡假说.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
- 比较解剖学的比较解剖学.
- 古生物学的古生物学
背景情况:
- 蝙蝠是独特的飞行哺乳动物,具有专门的肢体形态.
- 由于化石证据有限,蝙蝠飞行的进化起源尚不清楚.
- 一个普遍的假设是,蝙蝠是从滑翔的祖先进化而来的.
研究的目的:
- 为了测试蝙蝠飞行进化的滑翔飞行假设.
- 模拟前肢和后肢特征的进化变化.
- 在蝙蝠进化过程中重建四肢形态的适应性景观.
主要方法:
- 使用了家族遗传学比较方法.
- 分析了来自灭绝和现存哺乳动物的四肢形态数据.
- 使用235个物种的数据集建模了进化特征最佳.
主要成果:
- 滑翔的哺乳动物表现出非滑翔的树林主义者和蝙蝠之间的中间四肢特征.
- 滑翔机的前肢相对较长.
- 滑翔机的后肢相对较窄,但不比非滑翔机更长.
结论:
- 这项研究支持蝙蝠的滑翔飞行的进化途径.
- 类似飞的后形态可能先于蝙蝠的飞行适应.
- 这些发现为未来关于蝙蝠飞行进化的研究提供了框架.
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