在南非和东非国家使用混合地球观测模型预测季节性玉米产量
Benson Kipkemboi Kenduiywo1,2, Sara Miller3,4
1International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Kenya.
Heliyon
|July 29, 2024
概括
气候变化影响非洲农业. 使用RHEAS和机器学习的新混合模型提供了准确的数字玉米产量预测,改善了粮食安全和早期行动计划.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 气候科学 气候科学
- 数据科学数据科学数据科学
背景情况:
- 气候变化严重影响撒哈拉以南非洲的农业,威胁着生计和粮食安全.
- 对于国家粮食平衡表来说,传统的收获前和收获后调查是耗时和昂贵的,阻碍了快速决策.
- 迫切需要先进,及时的农业产量估计来支持战略规划.
研究的目的:
- 在肯尼亚,赞比亚和马拉维开发和评估用于数字化先进玉米产量预测的混合模型.
- 整合区域水文极端评估系统 (RHEAS) 与机器学习,以改善产量预测.
- 提供准确和快速的产量估计,以帮助政府和组织适应气候变化.
主要方法:
- 开发了一个混合框架,将RHEAS模型与机器学习算法 (随机森林,支持矢量机器,线性回归) 结合起来.
- 输入数据包括天气变量,RHEAS模拟 (土壤湿度,温度,辐射),DSSAT输出 (叶面积指数,水应力) 和MODIS植被指数 (VI).
- 随机森林模型被确定为对玉米单位产量预测的最佳性能混合设置.
主要成果:
- 随机森林混合模型在马拉维,肯尼亚和赞比亚的选定地区实现了玉米产量预测的最低无偏根平均平方误差 (RMSE).
- 射频总是优于其他模型,在所有三个国家都表现出卓越的准确性,相对RMSEs低于30%.
- 植被指数和RHEAS数据的整合显著提高了玉米产量预测的准确性.
结论:
- 开发的混合模型为撒哈拉以南非洲的玉米产量预测提供了一个数字先进和准确的解决方案.
- 这种方法为国家粮食平衡表,农业保险和气候变化影响评估提供了至关重要的及时信息.
- 该研究强调了将水文建模与机器学习整合到气候适应性农业的潜力.
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