人类不平等和城市化对生态福祉表现的影响:系统-GMM分析
Liuliu Lai1, Shuai Zhang2, Lilian Li3
1School of Economics and Management, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, 201418, China.
Heliyon
|July 29, 2024
概括
实现可持续发展需要提高生态福祉性能 (EWP). 这项研究引入了一个新的指数,并发现人类的不平等阻碍了EWP,而城市化则有助于它,特别是在发展中国家.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 经济学 经济学 经济学
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
背景情况:
- 可持续发展取决于有效地将生态消费转化为人类福祉.
- 目前对生态福祉性能 (EWP) 的科学评估方法是不够的.
- 为EWP开发可靠的指标对于其改进至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 通过整合人类发展指数 (HDI),生活满意度 (LS) 和生态足迹 (EF) 来构建一个新的生态福祉绩效指数 (IEWP).
- 通过使用全球面板数据集,调查人类不平等和城市化对EWP的影响.
- 分析人类不平等和城市化对EWP的互动影响.
主要方法:
- 使用HDI,LS和EF构建了生态福祉表现指数 (IEWP).
- 利用了涵盖2010-2021年129个国家的面板数据.
- 采用系统通用时刻方法 (System-GMM) 来分析动态关系.
主要成果:
- 生态福利表现 (EWP) 显示出显著的长期累积效应.
- 人类的不平等对EWP产生负面影响,而城市化则显示出积极的影响.
- 与发达国家相比,新兴国家和发展中国家的人类不平等和城市化效应都被放大.
- 人类不平等和城市化之间的相互作用被发现抑制了EWP,表明了协同作用的负面影响.
结论:
- 该研究为衡量EWP提供了一个新的框架,这对于可持续发展评估至关重要.
- 人类的不平等是提高EWP的重要障碍,特别是在较不发达的经济体.
- 城市化可以促进EWP,但当与高的人类不平等相结合时,其好处会减少.
- 政策干预应解决不平等和城市化问题,以优化EWP和促进可持续发展.
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