精神病和双极性障碍中异常自我参考社会知觉的认知机制:来自计算建模的见解
medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences
|July 29, 2024
概括
患有精神分裂症 (SZ) 和双相情感障碍 (BD) 的人因信息处理和偏见效率较低而表现出改变的自我参考视线感知. 计算建模揭示了这些认知机制与SZ和BD的症状和社会功能有关.
科学领域:
- 认知神经科学是一种认知神经科学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 计算精神病学是一种计算精神病学.
背景情况:
- 精神分裂症 (SZ) 和双相情感障碍 (BD) 与自我参考视线感知障碍有关.
- 这些社会感知缺陷背后的精确认知机制仍然不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 通过数学建模来研究驱动SZ和BD视线感知异常的认知过程.
- 检查这些认知过程与临床症状,认知和社会功能之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 采用漂移扩散模型 (DDM) 来分析28个SZ,38个BD和34个健康对照 (HC) 在自我参考的目光感知任务中的行为.
- DDM参数对证据积累 (漂移率),感知偏差 (漂移偏差),预期偏差 (起点),响应谨慎 (值分离) 和非决策时间进行了索引.
主要成果:
- SZ和BD显示证据积累效率降低,感知偏差有利于自我参考反应.
- SZ参与者表现出更高的反应谨慎.
- 较差的社会功能与SZ和HC中更大的期望偏差相关.
- 在SZ中,感知和期望偏差与幻觉和妄想严重程度有关.
结论:
- 减少证据积累和感知偏见有助于SZ和BD的改变视线感知.
- SZ可能会采取补偿性谨慎,影响响应速度.
- 在感知和信念层面的偏见与临床症状和功能有关.
- 计算建模为SZ和BD的社会认知缺陷提供了细微的理解.
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