在大学足球比赛中,比赛需求和工作负载分布的季节性变化跨越两个赛季
Sean Floersch1, Chad Vidden1, Andrew T Askow2
1Department of Math and Statistics, University of Wisconsin-La Crosse, La Crosse, Wisconsin.
Journal of strength and conditioning research
|July 29, 2024
概括
与2019年相比,2021年大学女足球员在比赛期间的高速距离增加,同时训练负载较低. 2021年的培训课程也表现出更高的心率和总距离,这表明季节性工作量有所变化.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 生物力学 生物力学
背景情况:
- 了解运动员工作负载的季节性变化对于优化训练和预防大学足球中的受伤至关重要.
- 以前的研究集中在一般的团队需求上,对特定的赛季变化在比赛和训练负载上给予的关注较少.
研究的目的:
- 在一个大学女子足球项目中,在两个竞争季节中调查比赛需求和工作负载分布的季节性差异.
- 分析不同球员职位和角色的2019年和2021赛季之间的外部工作负载变量如何变化.
主要方法:
- 在2019年和2021年的赛季中,有48名NCAA Division III女子足球运动员参加了比赛.
- 使用可穿戴的全球定位系统 (GPS) 和心率监测器 (HR) 来收集对比赛和训练需求的数据.
- 用线性混合效应模型分析数据,以比较总距离,高速距离和训练负载等变量的季节性差异.
主要成果:
- 与2019年相比,运动员在2021年的比赛中跨越了更多的高速距离 (p < 0.05).
- 在比赛期间的训练负载在2021年低于2019年 (p < 0.05).
- 与2019年相比,2021年的培训课程显示,与2019年相比,平均HR,总距离,每分钟距离,高速距离和加速度显著提高 (p <0.05).
结论:
- 在大学女子足球运动员的比赛需求和训练工作量方面存在显著的季节性变化.
- 职位要求和整体球员工作量似乎每年都在波动,需要适应性培训和监控策略.
- 这些发现凸显了大学足球需求的动态性质,以及在绩效分析中考虑季节性背景的重要性.
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