部分迁徙鸟的迁徙目的地,路线和时间的本体学
Ying-Chi Chan1, Urs G Kormann1, Stephanie Witczak1,2
1Swiss Ornithological Institute, Sempach, Switzerland.
The Journal of animal ecology
|July 29, 2024
概括
年轻的红 (Milvus milvus) 随着年龄的增长,逐渐调整迁徙时间和路线,许多最终成为居民. 这种发育可塑性凸显了环境变化如何影响迁徙行为.
科学领域:
- 鸟类学 鸟类学是一门学科.
- 动物行为 动物行为
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
背景情况:
- 在部分迁徙物种中,迁徙模式的本体性尚未得到充分探索,特别是个体之间的路线和时间的变化.
- 以前的研究往往侧重于移民作为一种二元策略 (移民与居民),而不是移民内部的发展变化.
研究的目的:
- 调查部分迁徙红风 (Milvus milvus) 群体中迁徙目的地,路线和时间的本体性.
- 分析迁移特征如何随着年龄和移民个体的繁殖状况而变化.
主要方法:
- 利用了292只幼和38名成人的广泛的GPS跟踪数据集,每个个体跟踪了1-5次迁移.
- 检查了九种不同的迁移特征,包括出发/抵达时间,路线直接性,距离和冬季地点忠实性.
主要成果:
- 年长的红风晚些时候离开并早些时候抵达繁殖区,在五次迁徙中延长了两个月的逗留时间.
- 随着年龄的增长,迁徙路线变得更加直接,而冬季地点的忠实性仍然很高,迁徙距离略有缩短.
- 在获得领土之前和之后,个体延迟向南迁移,这表明时间迁移特征的可塑性.
结论:
- 时间迁移特征的逐渐变化表明在发育窗口期间具有显著的可塑性.
- 高度的冬季场地忠实性可能会推动空间可塑性向居住,可能是由于熟悉场地的好处.
- 对比空间和时间迁移的与年龄相关的变化,突出了不同的底层可塑性机制.
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