力量-时间曲线变量与竞争性网球运动员的网球服务表现之间的关系
Loic Fourel1, Pierre Touzard1, Maxime Fadier1
1M2S Laboratory, Rennes 2 University, Bruz, France; and.
Journal of strength and conditioning research
|July 29, 2024
概括
优化网球服务性能取决于腿部驱动时间. 特定的力-时间曲线变量,比如最大力和球撞击之间的时间,在竞争性球员中显著预测球拍头速度和撞击高度.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 运动学 运动学
背景情况:
- 腿对网球高性能至关重要,但腿动作与发球速度/准确性之间的确切关系尚不清楚.
- 了解这些生物力学联系可以优化训练并改善球员的结果.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究网球服务的腿部驱动阶段的力-时间曲线变量与关键性能指标之间的相关性.
- 确定特定的地面反应力 (GRF) 度量,以最好地预测最大的球拍头速度和冲击高度.
主要方法:
- 36名竞技网球运动员进行了最大速度的服务.
- 用两个力盘测量地面反应力 (GRF),以分析力-时间曲线变量.
- 进行了相关性分析,以将GRF变量与最大球拍头速度和撞击高度联系起来.
主要成果:
- 在最大垂直和前后的GRF之间,以及最大前后的GRF和球撞击之间的时间,是最大球拍头速度 (r = -0.519,p < 0.001和r = -0.522,p < 0.001分别) 的显著预测器.
- 最大球拍头速度与平均/最大垂直GRF或力量发展速度没有明显的相关性.
- 在同心阶段相对净垂直冲动是撞击高度的最强预测因素 (r = 0.772,p < 0.001).
结论:
- 腿部驱动的特定时间方面,特别是垂直和水平力的协调以及它们相对于球撞击的时间,对于最大化发球速度至关重要.
- 通过目标强度和调节来改善相对净垂直冲动是提高冲击撞击高度的关键.
- 教练应该专注于提高向上和前进的腿部推进的同步,并开发垂直冲动,以优化网球发球性能.
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