一个随机试验的行为干预措施产生持续减少分心驾驶的随机试验
Jeffrey P Ebert1,2,3,4, Ruiying A Xiong2,3,5, Neda Khan1,2,3
1Department of Emergency Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104.
概括
驾驶时从手持手机的使用中分心,会显著影响安全. 游戏化,竞争和财务激励有效地减少了司机的这种行为,并带来了持续的结果.
科学领域:
- 行为科学 行为科学
- 运输安全运输安全
- 人与计算机的交互
背景情况:
- 驾驶时分心,主要是由于手持手机的使用,在美国每年造成近100万起车祸.
- 减少驾驶时使用手机对于提高道路安全至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较各种干预措施在实现持续减少驾驶时手持手机使用的有效性.
- 评估游戏化,社会竞争和财务激励对驾驶员行为的影响.
主要方法:
- 一项随机对照试验涉及1653名参与者,他们在驾驶时使用大量手机.
- 参与者被分为五组:控制 (仅限教育),电话安装,安装加承诺,安装加承诺加游戏化/竞争和安装加承诺加游戏化/竞争/财务激励.
- 干预持续了10周,并通过保险评级期 (干预后25-65天) 进行随访.
主要成果:
- 结合游戏化,社会竞争和财务激励的干预措施显示,手持手机使用量大幅减少.
- 与对照组相比,第4组 (游戏化/竞争) 的使用减少了20.5% (P < 0.001),第5组 (额外的财务激励) 的使用减少了27.6% (P < 0.001).
- 这些降低一直持续到保险评级期.
结论:
- 行为设计的干预措施,特别是涉及游戏化,竞争和财务激励的干预措施,有效地减少了驾驶时使用手机的情况.
- 通过这些多方面的干预策略,可以实现持续的行为变化.
- 这些发现对制定有针对性的安全计划有影响,以减轻分心驾驶.
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