中国人群中的死亡率:综合性审查
Xiaowen Zhou1, Ding Ding2, Wenzhi Wang3
1Institute of Neurology, National Center for Neurological Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China, xwzhou23@m.fudan.edu.cn.
Neuroepidemiology
|July 29, 2024
概括
中国的死亡率很高,在不发达地区的死亡率更高. 主要原因包括血管疾病,糖尿病并发症和伤害,强调需要有针对性的预防措施.
科学领域:
- 神经学 神经学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 过早死亡率是的重大负担,在全球范围内存在差异,特别是在高收入和低收入/中等收入国家之间.
- 中国约占全球患者总数的20%,但由于方法限制和人口异质性,现有研究可能无法准确反映其特定的死亡率格局.
研究的目的:
- 在过去的六十年中,系统地审查和总结中国患者死亡率特征.
- 为了确定这一人口群中死亡的关键原因,风险因素和特定的挑战,如性突然意外死亡 (SUDEP).
主要方法:
- 对中国死亡率的基于人群和基于医院的研究进行系统审查和元分析.
- 分析死亡率,标准化死亡率 (SMR),主要死亡原因和危险因素.
主要成果:
- 死亡率中位数为14.7/1,000人/年 (以人口为基础) 和12.3/1,000人/年 (以医院为基础),SMR中位数分别为4.4和3.0.
- 血管疾病,糖尿病并发症和意外伤害是导致死亡的主要原因. 年龄较大,男性性别,持续时间较长,发作频率较高与死亡率增加有关.
- 状态病例的死亡率在成年人中较高,随着随访时间的增加而增加. 症状性的死亡率特别高,因潜在疾病而异.
结论:
- 中国较不发达地区的死亡率和SUDEP发病率最高,意外伤害是相关死亡的常见原因.
- 在中国人群中,SUDEP的发病率可能被低估,需要进一步调查.
- 对过早死亡风险的更好理解对于开发有效的预防策略来改善中国患者的治疗结果至关重要.
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