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一个综合的方法来分析在人类流动模式的灾难下,公平地进入食品商店的方法
Zhiyuan Wei1, Sayanti Mukherjee1
1Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA.
概括
这项研究揭示了人类流动模式如何影响食品商店的准入,特别是在自然灾害期间. 结合移动数据,可以更准确地衡量弱势群体的粮食可获得性.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 城市规划 城市规划
- 灾害管理 灾害管理
背景情况:
- 限定的食品商店准入与健康风险和社区抵御能力的降低有关.
- 社会弱势群体在公平获取粮食方面面临着持续的差异.
- 自然灾害对食品商店准入的影响仍未得到充分研究,传统方法往往无法捕捉实际准入.
研究的目的:
- 将人类流动模式纳入评估实际的食品商店可访问性.
- 提出和验证一种新的可访问性测量方法,即带有旅行偏好的增强两步浮动流域方法 (E2SFCA-TP).
- 通过使用手机数据,分析自然灾害 (冬季风暴Uri) 期间食品商店进入情况的变化.
主要方法:
- 利用大规模的手机数据来捕捉人类移动模式.
- 开发并应用了带有旅行偏好 (E2SFCA-TP) 的增强两步浮动流域方法.
- 在哈里斯县 (德克萨斯州) 的杂货和便利店的空间和时间访问分析,在冬季风暴Uri期间.
主要成果:
- 人类移动模式提供了更现实的反映实际的食品商店访问.
- 与传统的E2SFCA模型相比,E2SFCA-TP方法在捕捉移动性变化方面表现出更好的能力.
- 冬季风暴Uri显著影响了食品商店的可访问性,变化受到移动性的影响.
结论:
- 整合人类流动数据对于准确测量食品商店的可访问性至关重要.
- E2SFCA-TP方法为评估访问提供了有价值的工具,特别是在灾难场景中.
- 调查结果可以为资源分配提供信息,以改善灾难期间和灾后服务不足地区的粮食安全.
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