在对公共卫生政策的定量评估中,制定政策实施措施的设计考虑因素
Natalie Riva Smith1, Douglas E Levy2,3, Jennifer Falbe4
1Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States.
Frontiers in health services
|July 30, 2024
概括
衡量政策实施对于理解健康结果至关重要. 本研究概述了在定量研究中制定强有力的政策实施措施的四个关键设计考虑因素.
科学领域:
- 实施科学 实施科学
- 公共卫生政策评估 公共卫生政策评估
- 量化研究方法 量化研究方法
背景情况:
- 定量政策评估经常忽视实施细节,将政策视为二进制变量.
- 有效的政策实施显著影响行为和健康结果.
- 对于定量分析来说,越来越需要概念化和衡量政策实施.
研究的目的:
- 为了弥补政策实施量化评估的衡量差距.
- 讨论制定或确定政策实施措施的四个关键设计考虑因素.
- 从三个由NIH资助的项目中获取有关电子烟,食品和心理健康政策的见解.
主要方法:
- 利用了由NIH资助的三个项目的小组讨论所产生的小型案例研究.
- 使用实施研究逻辑模型进行结构化讨论.
- 专注于四个关键的设计考虑因素:具体实施逻辑,跨学科团队,混合方法和灵活的时间表.
主要成果:
- 确定了四个设计考虑因素:确定政策逻辑,组建跨学科团队,采用混合方法,并确保时间表的灵活性.
- 这些考虑有助于研究人员制定或确定适当的政策实施措施.
- 该研究强调了需要高质量,可转移的实施措施以及科学家和政策专家之间的合作.
结论:
- 应用所讨论的考虑因素可以加强政策实施措施的开发和确定.
- 改善政策实施的测量实践是定量评估的基础.
- 这项工作支持更全面地了解政策如何影响健康结果.
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