多发性硬化症疾病修饰疗法对免疫细胞的影响以及对COVID-19疫苗接种的反应
Valeria Orrù1, Valentina Serra1, Michele Marongiu1
1Institute for Genetic and Biomedical Research, National Research Council, Lanusei, Italy.
Frontiers in immunology
|July 30, 2024
概括
多发性硬化症 (MS) 的疾病修饰疗法 (DMT) 可以损害疫苗的反应. 对于接受DMT的MS患者来说,增强剂非常重要,以达到与健康个体相比的免疫力.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 疾病修饰疗法 (DMT) 可以改善多发性硬化症 (MS) 的结果,但可能会影响疫苗免疫力.
- 关于DMT的内在免疫效应及其对SARS-CoV-2疫苗反应的影响的数据仍然有限.
研究的目的:
- 评估三种DMT (fingolimod, dimethyl fumarate, natalizumab) 对MS患者mRNA SARS-CoV-2疫苗接种免疫细胞反应的影响.
- 为了比较DMT治疗的多发性硬化症患者,未治疗的多发性硬化症患者和健康对照者的免疫特征.
主要方法:
- 在79名多发性硬化患者和32名健康对照中,分析了23种B细胞特征,57种T细胞特征和10种细胞因子.
- 在基线评估免疫细胞,在SARS-CoV-2尖峰刺激后,以及在接种疫苗后的三个时间点.
主要成果:
- 芬戈利莫德治疗导致了显著的免疫细胞失调,淋巴细胞数量减少和疫苗特异性反应受损.
- 接种fingolimod的多发性硬化症患者在接种疫苗后增加了抗尖峰B细胞,但抗体水平下降.
- 接受DMT治疗的多发性硬化症患者的免疫细胞反应与健康对照和未接受治疗的多发性硬化症患者不同.
结论:
- 重复的SARS-CoV-2增强疫苗接种对于DMT的MS患者来说是必不可少的,以克服免疫功能减弱.
- 补充疫苗有助于实现与健康个体相提并论的免疫反应.
- 了解DMT对细胞免疫力的影响对于优化MS疫苗接种策略至关重要.
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