机器学习用于通过心电图检测心房动:系统审查和元分析
Chenggong Xie1,2, Zhao Wang3, Chenglong Yang4
1Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM Diagnostics, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 410208 Changsha, Hunan, China.
Reviews in cardiovascular medicine
|July 30, 2024
概括
机器学习 (ML) 算法通过心电图 (ECG) 信号有效地检测心房动 (AF). 深度学习 (DL) 算法在AF检测方面表现出卓越的性能,帮助可穿戴设备的早期诊断.
科学领域:
- 心脏病学 心脏病学
- 生物医学工程 生物医学工程
- 人工智能的人工智能
背景情况:
- 心房动 (AF) 是一种普遍的心律失常,与不良的心血管结果有关.
- 早期发现AF具有挑战性,需要先进的诊断工具.
- 机器学习 (ML) 算法越来越多地用于在心电图 (ECG) 信号中检测AF.
研究的目的:
- 系统地评估和总结ML算法用于AF检测的诊断准确性.
- 为了比较不同ML方法的性能,包括传统ML (TML) 和深度学习 (DL).
主要方法:
- 对来自PubMed,Web of Science,Embase和Google Scholar的研究进行了诊断准确性的元分析.
- 综合了灵敏度和特异性,以评估ML算法的整体性能.
- 包括的研究重点是基于ML的AF检测从心电图信号.
主要成果:
- 分析包括14项研究,在AF检测中,ML算法的综合灵敏度和特异性为97%.
- 与传统的机器学习 (TML) 算法 (91.5%) 相比,深度学习 (DL) 算法获得了更高的灵敏度 (98.1%).
- 使用多个或公共数据集比单个或专有数据集略有提高了性能.
结论:
- ML算法在检测来自ECG的AF方面表现出很高的有效性.
- 深度学习算法,特别是卷积神经网络 (CNN),在AF检测准确度方面优于TML算法.
- 将ML算法集成到可穿戴设备中可以促进早期诊断AF.
相关概念视频
01:28Electrocardiogram Fundamentals
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Introduction
An electrocardiogram (ECG) is a diagnostic tool for identifying cardiac conditions such as arrhythmias, conduction abnormalities, and myocardial ischemia.
Definition
An electrocardiogram (ECG) visualizes the heart's electrical activity by tracing the electrical movement associated with each heartbeat on a graph or monitor. As the heart beats, an electrical wave passes through it, correlating with the cardiac cycle events.
Parts of an ECG
An ECG utilizes electrodes on the skin...
An electrocardiogram (ECG) is a diagnostic tool for identifying cardiac conditions such as arrhythmias, conduction abnormalities, and myocardial ischemia.
Definition
An electrocardiogram (ECG) visualizes the heart's electrical activity by tracing the electrical movement associated with each heartbeat on a graph or monitor. As the heart beats, an electrical wave passes through it, correlating with the cardiac cycle events.
Parts of an ECG
An ECG utilizes electrodes on the skin...
552
01:28Disturbances in Heart Rhythm
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Arrhythmia or dysrhythmia refers to an abnormal heart rhythm caused by a defect in the heart's conduction system. It can cause the heart to beat irregularly, too quickly, or too slowly, leading to symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, and fainting. Factors such as stress, caffeine, alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, certain drugs, congenital defects, diseases, and electrolyte abnormalities can trigger arrhythmias.
Arrhythmias are categorized by their speed, rhythm, and origin. A slow...
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01:29Electrocardiogram
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Three major waveforms are present in a typical ECG recording: the P wave, the QRS complex, and...
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