语言在ADHD儿童的社会和学术功能中的作用
Ida Bonnerup Jepsen1, Cecilia Brynskov2, Per Hove Thomsen1,3
1Aarhus University, Denmark.
Journal of attention disorders
|July 30, 2024
概括
患有注意力缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD) 的儿童表现出影响社会和学术技能的语言缺陷. 务实性和表达性语言能力与这些挑战特别相关.
科学领域:
- 儿童心理学 儿童心理学
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 语言学的语言学.
背景情况:
- 注意缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD) 是一种神经发育障碍,其特点是注意力不集中和多动.
- 语言技能,包括务实,表达,接受和叙事能力,对于社会和学术成功至关重要.
- 以前的研究表明,ADHD和语言障碍之间存在联系,但与不同语言领域和功能之间的具体关联需要进一步调查.
研究的目的:
- 研究各种语言领域 (实用性,表达性,接受性,叙事性) 与ADHD儿童的社会和学术功能之间的关系.
- 为了比较ADHD儿童和神经典型儿童之间的语言能力和功能.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及46名ADHD儿童和40名神经类型比较儿童的研究,年龄为7-11岁.
- 通过标准化任务评估表达性,接受性和叙事性语言.
- 父母对实用语言,社会功能和学业成绩的评分.
主要成果:
- 与神经典型儿童相比,ADHD儿童在所有评估的语言领域都表现出显著的差异:实用性,表达性,接受性和叙事连贯性.
- 实用语言被发现调解了ADHD和社会功能困难之间的关联的很大一部分.
- 实用和表达性语言都在显著地调解了ADHD和学术困难之间的关系.
结论:
- 这项初步研究强调了ADHD儿童语言障碍的临床意义.
- 针对务实和表达性语言技能可能有助于改善ADHD儿童的社会和学术成果.
更多相关视频
05:32Comparing Eye-tracking Data of Children with High-functioning ASD, Comorbid ADHD, and of a Control Watching Social Videos
Published on: December 7, 2018
8.9K
12:55Multimodal Protocol for Assessing Metacognition and Self-Regulation in Adults with Learning Difficulties
Published on: September 27, 2020
8.4K
相关概念视频
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
51
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
51
Language and Cognition
340
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
340
Autism Spectrum Disorder
79
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
79
Language Development
334
Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
334
Learning Disabilities
93
Learning disabilities are cognitive disorders caused by neurological impairments that affect cognitive functions like language and reading, without indicating overall intellectual or developmental challenges. These disabilities differ from global intellectual or developmental disabilities as they are limited to distinct cognitive functions. Common learning disabilities include dysgraphia, dyslexia, and dyscalculia, each of which impacts unique aspects of learning.
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a...
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a...
93
Modeling in Therapy
61
Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
61
