青少年自杀和先前的心理健康诊断
Sofia Chaudhary1, Jennifer A Hoffmann2, Christian D Pulcini3
1Department of Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
JAMA network open
|July 30, 2024
概括
五分之三的青少年自杀者缺乏经过记录的心理健康诊断. 少数群体青年和枪支自杀的确诊心理健康诊断的几率较低,突出需要公平照顾和致命手段咨询.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 心理健康研究 心理健康研究
背景情况:
- 自杀是美国年轻人死亡的主要原因,心理健康障碍增加了自杀风险.
- 了解诊断的心理健康状况的社会人口统计差异对于有针对性的预防至关重要.
- 以前的研究表明,不同人群在医疗保健和诊断方面存在差异.
研究的目的:
- 调查记录的心理健康诊断与社会人口统计因素,临床特征,诱发性事件和青少年自杀机制之间的关联.
- 确定不同年轻人群体在心理健康诊断方面的潜在差异.
- 通过更好地了解心理健康诊断模式,为预防自杀策略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 这是一项回顾性,横截面研究,利用了CDC国家暴力死亡报告系统 (2010-2021) 的数据.
- 分析包括40,618名年轻自杀者,年龄在10-24岁之间.
- 多变量逻辑回归评估了心理健康诊断与各种特征之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 40.4%的青少年自杀死亡者有记录的心理健康诊断.
- 与白人青年相比,美国印第安人/阿拉斯加原住民,亚洲人,夏威夷原住民/其他太平洋岛民,黑人和西班牙裔青年的诊断几率较低.
- 较年轻的青少年 (10-14岁) 与年长的青少年 (20-24岁) 相比,诊断的几率较低,女性比男性的几率更高.
- 枪支自杀 (33.2%) 与中毒 (61.6%),刑/窒息/窒息 (45.8%) 和其他机制 (44.2%) 相比,精神健康诊断较少.
结论:
- 显著比例的青少年自杀者 (60%) 缺乏文献精神健康诊断.
- 种族,种族和年龄差异存在于青年自杀者中记录的心理健康诊断中.
- 这些发现强调需要公平的心理健康识别和普遍的致命手段咨询,以防止青少年自杀.
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