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在噪音引起的听力损失后,前额叶和听力皮层的神经生理,结构和分子变化

Sarah H Hayes¹, Salonee V Patel², Parinita Arora²

¹Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada; Department of Otolaryngology, University of Rochester, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 629, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.

Neurobiology of disease

|July 30, 2024

概括

噪音引起的听力损失会损害前额叶皮层的功能和结构,影响认知能力. 这与听觉皮层的变化形成鲜明对比,突出显示了特定区域的大脑可塑性.

科学领域:

神经科学是一个神经科学.
听觉神经科学听觉神经科学
认知神经科学认知神经科学

背景情况:

听力损失诱导中央听觉通路的可塑性,与耳和超声障有关.
新出现的证据将听力损失与前额叶皮层的可塑性联系起来,这可能解释认知障碍.
之前的研究表明,噪音引起的听力损失会损害前额叶皮层中的马振荡.

研究的目的:

调查噪音引起的听力损失后前额叶和听力皮层的结构和分子变化.
为了确定区域特异性可塑性是否是听力损失后观察到的差异性功能变化的基础.

主要方法:

戈尔吉-考克斯染色以评估树突形态和突触密度.
西方涂抹用于测量突触信号蛋白 (GAD65,NR2B,PSD95,突触蛋白).
利用40Hz的听觉稳定状态响应来评估马振荡.

主要成果:

噪音暴露导致前额叶皮层的马相连贯性受损,与变化的树突形态和减少的GABAergic (GAD65) 和谷氨酸 (NR2B) 标志物有关.
听觉皮层显示不变的玛相连贯性,但增加了NR2B,PSD95和synaptophysin,表明刺激性增加.
在听力损失后的前额叶和听力皮层之间观察到不同的结构和分子可塑性.

结论:

噪音引起的听力损失对前额叶和听力皮层产生不同影响.
前额叶皮层的结构和分子变化可能导致与听力损失相关的认知缺陷.
听力皮层的可塑性表明听力损失后的补偿机制或改变的兴奋性.

关键词:

40Hz的听觉稳定状态响应响应听觉皮层中的听觉皮层.树状结构树状结构玛相连贯性玛相连贯性玛相连贯性听力损失听力损失暴露于噪音的情况.前额叶皮层前额叶皮层.蛋白质表达方式蛋白质表达方式

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