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儿童对β-乳糖抗生素的过敏:口服挑战测试阳性的预测因素
Amanda L Wilkins1,2,3, Laure F Pittet4,5,6, Sophie Kyriakou2,7
1Department of General Medicine, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia amanda.wilkins@rch.org.au.
Archives of disease in childhood
|July 30, 2024
概括
只有1.4%的患有β-乳糖抗生素过敏标签的儿童经历了积极的口服挑战测试 (OCT). 严重反应或其他药物过敏的病史预测了儿童的OCT积极结果.
科学领域:
- 儿科过敏和免疫学
- 临床药理学 临床药理学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
背景情况:
- 贝塔-乳酸抗生素过敏经常在儿童中报告,影响5%-10%.
- 然而,显著的大多数 (高达90%) 在口服挑战测试 (OCT) 中不会表现出反应.
- 这突出了在儿科群体中对β-乳酸过敏的潜在过度诊断.
研究的目的:
- 确定在患有β-lactam抗生素过敏标签 (AAL) 的儿童中,在医院分级β-lactam口服挑战测试 (OCT) 呈阳性的实际频率.
- 在这个儿科队列中确定与积极的OCT结果相关的特定预测因素.
主要方法:
- 一项回顾性研究分析了1259名儿童 (年龄为0-19岁) 的数据,这些儿童在7年内接受了β-乳糖OCT.
- 海外国家和地区的协议包括在医院进行分级挑战,然后进行为期5天的门诊抗生素疗程.
- 使用单变量和多变量逻辑回归分析来确定积极的医院分级OCT的预测因素.
主要成果:
- 只有1.4% (18/1259) 的入院评级的海外国家和地区呈阳性,0.8% (10/1259) 是模两可的.
- 仅有0.3% (4/1259) 的儿童在医院分级的OCT.期间经历了即时的严重反应.
- 阳性OCT的预测因素包括其他药物过敏史 (OR 2.7),严重指数反应 (OR 2.9),立即和严重指数反应 (OR 5.85),以及需要上腺素的反应 (OR 9.65).
结论:
- 这项研究证实,患有β-乳AAL.的儿童中,在医院分级的OCT呈阳性的频率很低 (1.4%).
- 对儿童呈阳性OCT的关键风险因素包括其他药物过敏史和初始反应的严重程度,特别是如果是立即的,严重的或需要上腺素.
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