精神分裂症,抗精神病治疗的坚持和驾驶员对机动车祸的责任:加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省的一项以人口为基础的回顾性研究
John A Staples1,2, Daniel Daly-Grafstein3,4, Mayesha Khan3
1Division of General Internal Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada john.staples@ubc.ca.
BMJ open
|July 30, 2024
概括
患有精神分裂症的司机更有可能对机动车辆事故负责. 然而,抗精神病药物的服药没有影响撞车责任,目前的驾驶限制似乎足够.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 精神分裂症是一种严重的精神障碍,影响认知功能和潜在的驾驶能力.
- 抗精神病药物是精神分裂症治疗的基石,但坚持不同,可能会影响结果.
- 了解精神分裂症司机的撞车责任对于公共安全和政策制定至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查精神分裂症和驾驶员对机动车事故的责任之间的联系.
- 检查抗精神病药物坚持在精神分裂症司机事故责任中的作用.
- 评估目前对精神分裂症患者的驾驶限制是否足够.
主要方法:
- 一项回顾性观察队列研究,利用了加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省20年的基于人口的行政健康和驾驶数据.
- 纳入标准:在2000年至2016年期间,持驾照的驾驶员参与了警方参与的机动车辆事故.
- 用健康记录和警方报告的撞车数据确定了精神分裂症诊断,抗精神病药物坚持 (药物持有率) 和撞车责任 (验证的评分工具).
主要成果:
- 该研究包括808,432名司机;2,551人患有精神分裂症. 患有精神分裂症的司机有显著更高的可能性负责他们的碰撞 (66.2%对53.7%;aOR=1.67).
- 与精神分裂症相关的事故责任增加是温和的,与已确定的风险因素相比,如年龄较大或学习者的执照状况.
- 在患有精神分裂症的司机中,接近最佳的抗精神病坚持 (MPR ≥0.8) 与较低的撞车责任 (aOR=1.04) 并没有显著相关.
结论:
- 精神分裂症的司机更有可能对机动车辆事故负责,但风险幅度与常见的风险因素相似.
- 在这个队列中,抗精神病药物治疗的坚持似乎没有改变撞车责任.
- 目前对精神分裂症患者的驾驶限制似乎足以减轻道路风险,这表明不需要采取更严格的措施.
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