针对低收入和中等收入国家的年轻人吸毒的学校干预措施:范围审查
Abdul Cadri1,2, Ameena Nizar Beema3, Tibor Schuster1
1Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
Addiction (Abingdon, England)
|July 31, 2024
概括
这次审查确定了低收入和中等收入国家的学校药物使用预防计划的关键组成部分和理论. 调查结果强调教育,学校环境,政策,家长参与,同行参与和咨询作为核心要素.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 促进健康 促进健康
- 药物使用预防 药物使用预防
背景情况:
- 在全球范围内,有害物质的使用是导致过早死亡的首要原因,并经常在年轻时开始使用.
- 在年轻人中预防物质使用是全球卫生优先事项.
- 在低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs) 中,以学校为基础的干预措施很常见,但它们的理论基础和核心组成部分需要澄清.
研究的目的:
- 确定基于学校的干预措施的基础理论,模型或框架 (TMF).
- 确定这些干预措施的核心实际组成部分.
- 专注于针对青年物质使用预防的LMIC干预措施.
主要方法:
- 根据Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) 的指导进行了范围审查.
- 搜索了文学数据库 (1995-2022) 和参考列表.
- 包括LMIC学校干预的随机和非随机试验;使用描述性内容分析分析的数据.
主要成果:
- 综述中包括了58篇文章.
- 大多数干预 (63.8%) 使用一个或多个TMF,社会学习理论和计划行为理论是最常见的.
- 确定了六个核心组成部分:教育,学校环境,学校政策,家长参与,同行参与和咨询.
结论:
- 本范围审查概述了LMIC中基于学校的物质使用预防的核心组成部分.
- 它强调了通用的TMF,这些TMF为这些干预措施的设计提供了信息.
- 这些发现可以指导制定和实施有效的预防策略.
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