欺凌的流行率:基于定义的尺度和基于行为的尺度之间的比较
Björn Sjögren1, Ylva Bjereld2, Robert Thornberg1
1Linköping University, Sweden.
Journal of interpersonal violence
|July 31, 2024
概括
基于行为的尺度显示,学校欺凌行为和受害率高于基于定义的尺度. 这项研究比较了两种学生自我报告欺凌测量方法.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 犯罪学 犯罪学
- 教育研究教育研究
背景情况:
- 自我报告的学校欺凌措施被分为基于定义和基于行为的尺度.
- 基于定义的措施使用明确的定义和关于欺凌的直接问题.
- 基于行为的措施描述了特定的行为,而不使用"欺凌"一词.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较基于定义和基于行为的自我报告尺度之间的欺凌行为和受害的流行率.
- 评估不同测量方法在捕捉欺凌经历方面的有效性.
- 为了提供对自我报告的欺凌数据细微差别的见解.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及瑞典学生的纵向研究,每年在五个波段 (2015-2020年) 进行调查.
- 从1469到1715名学生收集的数据,年龄大约为10.5到14.5岁.
- 学生对基于定义和基于行为的测量条件做出了反应,以控制个人差异.
主要成果:
- 基于行为的尺度表明,与基于定义的尺度相比,欺凌行为和受害的流行率显著更高.
- 该研究通过让参与者对两种测量类型作出反应来控制个体差异.
- 调查结果突出了根据测量方法报告的欺凌情况的差异.
结论:
- 基于行为的尺度为研究人员和从业人员提供了一个有价值的工具,捕捉欺凌的关键元素 (权力不平衡,特定行为,重复),而不依赖潜在的偏见术语.
- 基于定义和基于行为的自我报告措施都有局限性,并受到偏见的影响,提供了近似而不是确切的欺凌患病率描述.
- 为了准确评估欺凌,需要进一步讨论每种方法的优缺点.
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