在军事卫生系统中对粘膜莱什曼病的调查
James Pierre1, Julian Davies2, Saira Shaikh2
1School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
Military medicine
|July 31, 2024
概括
新世界莱什曼病对美国在流行地区的军事人员构成风险. 这次审查在现役人员中发现了两例莱什曼病例,突出了在中南美洲作战期间需要提高认识的必要性.
科学领域:
- 医学昆虫学 医学昆虫学
- 寄生虫学的寄生虫学
- 军事医学 军事医学
背景情况:
- 美国军事人员在特有作战战区的莱什曼病传播风险较高.
- 虽然旧世界莱什曼病在军事卫生系统 (MHS) 中得到了充分的记录,但新世界莱什曼病,包括粘膜层莱什曼病,研究较少.
研究的目的:
- 审查2012年至2022年期间在美国军事数据库中发现的新世界莱什曼病例.
- 评估现役人员中莱什曼病诊断的发病率和特征.
主要方法:
- 从2012年到2022年,对88名患有"粘膜皮肤莱什曼病"或"未指明的莱什曼病"诊断代码的患者进行了回顾性审查.
- 将医疗记录纳入标准,然后进行详细的病例审查.
主要成果:
- 在现役男性中发现了两例新世界莱什曼病.
- 案例1:前往伯利兹,出现了粘膜唇部病变 (疑似L. braziliensis或L. mexicana).
- 案例2:前往法属圭亚那,出现皮肤病变 (被确定为L. guyanensis). 两个病例都没有进一步的粘膜干扰,并且都对全身疗法反应良好.
结论:
- 尽管发生率低 (11年内2例),但莱什曼病是中美洲和南美洲军事行动的重要医疗问题.
- 两例确诊病例都在最近的军事特征旅行中到莱什曼尼病流行地区,这强调了疾病意识和预防的重要性.
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