在COVID-19之前和之后的拉丁裔-西班牙裔无家可归者
Mayra Alejandra Delgado Garcia1, Melissa Chinchilla1, Benjamin Henwood1
1Mayra Alejandra Delgado Garcia is with the Department of Community Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles. Melissa Chinchilla is with the Center for the Study of Healthcare Innovation, Implementation and Policy, VA of Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA. Benjamin Henwood is with the Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles. Jessie Chien is with the Department of Community Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles. Stephanie Kwack is with the Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California. Randall Kuhn is with the Department of Community Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles.
在洛杉矶的拉丁裔个人中,无家可归者在2020-2022年期间增加了25%,更多的人住在车辆中,失业率更高. 这种无家可归者的增加与社会经济脆弱性有关,可能是由于COVID-19.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
背景情况:
- 无家可归者 (PEH) 的数量越来越令人担忧.
- 在城市地区,拉丁裔人口不成比例地受到无家可归的影响.
- 了解社会人口结构变化对于有针对性的干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 识别和分析洛杉矶县无家可归的拉丁裔无家可归者 (PEH) 的社会人口结构变化.
- 为了比较2020年与2022年拉丁裔PEH的特征,以确定趋势.
- 探索潜在的促成因素,如社会经济脆弱性和健康状况.
主要方法:
- 对洛杉矶县25岁以上的无家可归拉丁裔PEH人口调查数据的分析.
- 2020 (n=1215) 和2022 (n=1395) 年数据的比较,使用加权双变量chi-squared测试.
- 检查就业状况,生活状况,精神疾病患病率和首次无家可归者的变化.
主要成果:
- 从2020年到2022年,无家可归的拉丁裔个人增加了25%.
- 拉丁裔PEH中失业率增加 (57%至67%).
- 无家可归者的位置从帐/人行道转移到车辆 (14%至33%);报告精神疾病的减少 (24%至18%);与非拉丁裔PEH相比,最近首次无家可归者入境的比例更高.
结论:
- 拉丁裔PEH的增加与社会经济脆弱性的增加有关,这可能会被COVID-19大流行所加剧.
- 增加的很大一部分发生在首次无家可归的人群中.
- 调查结果强调需要加强社会安全网和无家可归者预防计划.
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