产前空气污染物暴露与幼儿自闭症谱系障碍之间的关联:加拿大的一项匹配病例对照研究
Malia Sq Murphy1, Kasim E Abdulaziz2, Éric Lavigne3
1Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Environmental research
|July 31, 2024
概括
在怀孕前和怀孕期间,母亲暴露于二氧化 (NO2) 显著增加了儿童患自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的风险. 其他空气污染物,如臭氧 (O3) 和细颗粒物 (PM2.5),与ASD有不一致的关联.
科学领域:
- 环境流行病学环境流行病学
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 孕妇在怀孕期间暴露于环境空气污染物是对后代神经发育日益关注的问题.
- 不同污染物和妊娠窗口对自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 风险的具体影响需要进一步澄清.
研究的目的:
- 评估产前暴露于特定空气污染物对后代自闭症风险的时间变化的影响.
- 调查母亲暴露于二氧化 (NO2),臭氧 (O3) 和细颗粒物 (PM2.5) 与ASD诊断之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 通过加拿大出生登记处数据与空气污染物和ASD诊断信息相关联,进行了一项匹配的病例控制研究.
- 用分布式滞后非线性模型 (DLNM) 和灵敏度分析来评估整个妊娠周的单一污染物的影响.
- 使用粗精确匹配来平衡病例和对照之间的共变量.
主要成果:
- 母亲对二氧化 (NO2) 的暴露在所有三个月和怀孕前都与ASD风险的增加有着一致且显著的联系.
- 随着NO2暴露的增加,自闭症的几率比率增加,几率比率在2.1至2.2之间,每四分位数范围增加.
- 臭氧 (O3) 和细颗粒物 (PM2.5) 暴露与ASD风险之间的关联不一致.
结论:
- 产前暴露于二氧化 (NO2) 是子女自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的重要危险因素.
- 产前臭氧 (O3) 和细颗粒物 (PM2.5) 暴露与ASD之间的关系需要进一步调查.
- 未来的研究应该探索多种空气污染物对儿童神经发育的综合影响.
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