通过各种细菌菌株对pyrifos生物降解的比较评估:动力学和路径阐明
Ranu Yadav1, Versha Pandey1, Santosh Kumar Yadav2
1Crop Production and Protection Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
Pesticide biochemistry and physiology
|July 31, 2024
概括
这项研究从能够降解pyrifos (CP) 的芳香草中分离了细菌. 这些细菌通过它们的酶活性和降解途径显示出清理CP污染的土壤的潜力.
科学领域:
- 环境微生物学环境微生物学
- 生物修复是一种生物修复.
- 土壤科学 土壤科学
背景情况:
- pyrifos (CP) 是一种广泛使用的有机酸盐杀虫剂,具有显著的环境持久性.
- 污染的土壤对生态系统和人类健康构成风险,需要有效的修复策略.
研究的目的:
- 从芳香草的根球中分离和识别可以降解pyrifos (CP) 和其有毒代谢物3,5,6-三甲醇 (TCP) 的细菌.
- 评估这些细菌分离物的潜力,单独或与宿主植物结合,用于对受 CP 污染的土壤进行生物修复.
- 调查已识别的细菌菌株的酶活性,二氧化碳释放,脱潜力和降解途径.
主要方法:
- 从棕草,草和草的根球土壤中分离和识别降解CP的细菌.
- 基于物理特征和CP降解能力的细菌分离物的特征.
- 酶活性测定 (酸酶,脱酶,氧化酶),二氧化碳排放测量和脱潜力的评估.
- 使用单相衰变和SGompertz模型对CP降解和TCP积累的动态分析.
主要成果:
- 隔离了53种CP耐受性细菌,其中10种具有高CP耐受性和降解能力.
- 鉴定到的关键分离物包括Pseudomonas aeruginosa Pa608,Pseudomonas hibiscicola R4-721,Pseudomonas monteilii NBFPALD_RAS131,以及Stenotrophomonas maltophilia PEG-390.这些分离物中最常见的分离物是虫.
- 细菌分离物显示出不同程度的二氧化碳排放 (3.18.6 μmol mL−1) 和酸酶活性 (12.331 μmol PNP h−1).
- CP降解遵循一个单相衰变模型 (消散率0.0480.41d-1),其半衰期从1.7到14.3天不等.
- 伪大肠杆菌 (Pseudomonas monteilii) 的生长速度更快,TCP积累率更低,而大肠杆菌ABRL132的生长速度更慢.
结论:
- 孤立的细菌,特别是Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Pseudomonas monteilii,Stenotrophomonas maltophilia和Pseudomonas hibiscicola,在降解pyrifos方面非常有效.
- 这些细菌菌株拥有多样化的代谢途径,有助于它们的降解效率.
- 这些发现支持使用这些芳香草相关细菌来生物修复pyrifos污染的土壤.
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