在尼泊尔,患有抑郁症和普遍焦虑症症状的妇女的饮食多样性
Supa Pengpid1,2,3, Karl Peltzer4,5,6
1Department of Health Education and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, 420/1 Ratchawithi Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand. supa.pen@mahidol.ac.th.
Scientific reports
|July 31, 2024
概括
尼泊尔妇女的饮食多样性与较少的抑郁和焦虑症状有关. 改善饮食质量,特别是豆类和富含维生素A的食物,可以支持生育年龄妇女的心理健康.
科学领域:
- 营养精神病学 营养精神病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 心理健康障碍,包括主要抑郁症 (MDD) 和泛性焦虑症 (GAD),在全球范围内构成重大公共卫生挑战.
- 饮食模式越来越被认为是影响心理健康的可修改因素.
- 了解不同人群的饮食和心理健康之间的关系,例如尼泊尔的生殖年龄妇女,对于有针对性的干预措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查饮食多样性得分与MDD和GAD症状的流行率之间的关联.
- 确定可能保护或促进尼泊尔妇女中MDD和GAD症状的特定食物组.
- 在南亚背景下,提供关于营养在生育年龄妇女心理健康中的作用的证据.
主要方法:
- 一项全国横截面基于人口的调查对7442名年龄在15-49岁的尼泊尔妇女进行了调查.
- 使用PHQ-9和GAD-7等级分别评估了MDD和GAD症状.
- 评估了饮食多样性,使用24小时的食物消费回忆评估10个食品组;采用多变量后勤回归模型.
主要成果:
- 中度至严重的MDD和GAD症状的患病率分别为5.4%和7.5%.
- 更高的饮食多样性与中度至重度的MDD (AIRR:0.90) 和GAD症状 (AIRR:0.86) 相反相关.
- 特定的食物群体,包括豆类和富含维生素A的水果和蔬菜,与MDD和GAD症状有相反的关联.
结论:
- 饮食多样性是尼泊尔生育年龄妇女中适度至严重的MDD和GAD症状的重要保护因素.
- 豆类和富含维生素A的食物的消费可能有助于减轻抑郁和焦虑的风险.
- 促进饮食多样性和特定的营养丰富的食物组可能是改善这一群体心理健康结果的可行策略.
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