2021年冰岛Fagradalsfjall火灾期间的深层地同化
James M D Day1, Savannah Kelly2, Valentin R Troll3,4
1Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. jmdday@ucsd.edu.
Nature
|July 31, 2024
概括
2021年Fagradalsfjall喷发的岩显示出明显的地污染,与2022年典型的岩不同. 这表明最初的岩停滞和同化,随后在随后的喷发中进行高效的岩运输.
科学领域:
- 地质化学
- 火山学
- 同位素地质学
背景情况:
- 活跃的玄武岩喷发为地化学和地物理数据的时间序列分析提供了机会.
- 自2021年以来,冰岛雷克亚内斯半岛的Fagradalsfjall和Sundhnúkur火山活动提供了一个独特的案例研究.
- 之前的解释表明,最早的岩仅仅反映了更深层地幔源的过程.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究2021年Fagradalsfjall喷发的岩的地化学组成.
- 在最早的喷发产物中确定部分结晶和地污染的作用.
- 将2021年和2022年岩的地化学特征进行比较,以了解喷发过程的变化.
主要方法:
- 在火山岩中分析 (Os) 同位素.
- 测量 (Pt) 和 (Ir) 的度.
- 与已知的冰岛和全球基岩岩的同位素和元素比率的比较.
主要成果:
- 2021年的Fagradalsfjall岩显示出高度异常的同位素比率和/比率,表明地受到严重污染.
- 污染很可能是由中海石和较古老的玄武岩同化造成的.
- 2022年的岩呈现出典型的冰岛基岩构成,没有证据表明地受到污染.
结论:
- 2021年Fagradalsfjall喷发的开始涉及爆发前的岩停滞,部分结晶和地材料的同化.
- 在2022年建立的岩管道系统有助于高效的岩上升,而没有显著的地同化.
- 在活跃的火山系统中,同位素是识别地污染的强大标记物.
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