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相关概念视频

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
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DNA Microarrays02:34

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Microarrays are high-throughput and relatively inexpensive assays that can be automated to analyze large quantities of data at a time. They are used in genome-wide studies to compare gene or protein expression under two varied conditions, such as healthy and diseased states. Microarrays consist of glass or silica slides on which probe molecules are covalently attached through surface functionalization. Most commonly, the slides are prepared through the chemisorption of silanes to silica...
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Bacteria and archaea are susceptible to viral infections just like eukaryotes; therefore, they have developed a unique adaptive immune system to protect themselves. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) are present in more than 45% of known bacteria and 90% of known archaea.
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RNA sequencing, or RNA-Seq, is a high-throughput sequencing technology used to study the transcriptome of a cell. Transcriptomics helps to interpret the functional elements of a genome and identify the molecular constituents of an organism. Additionally, it also helps in understanding the development of an organism and the occurrence of diseases. 
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RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
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Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 18, 2025

mirMachine: A One-Stop Shop for Plant miRNA Annotation
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2024年CmirC更新:2024年CmirC更新:2024年CmirC更新:2024年CmirC更新:2024年CmirC更新:2024年CmirC更新:2024年CmirC更新:2024年CmirC更新:2024年CmirC更新:

Akshay Pramod Ware1,2, Kapaettu Satyamoorthy3, Bobby Paul4

  • 1Department of Bioinformatics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.

Functional & integrative genomics
|July 31, 2024
PubMed
概括

集群微RNAs (miRNAs) 在癌症进展中起着关键作用. 更新后的CmirC数据库现在整合了DNA甲基化数据,揭示了14种癌症类型的调控作用.

关键词:
癌症信息学 癌症信息学通过DNA甲基化.表观基因组学是指表观基因组学.综合数据分析 综合数据分析

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科学领域:

  • 基因组学就是基因组学.
  • 表观遗传学 在表观遗传学中,表观遗传学是指表观遗传学.
  • 癌症生物学 癌症生物学

背景情况:

  • 集群微RNAs (miRNAs) 是一起转录的,可以协调调节基因表达,影响癌症的进展.
  • 之前的工作使用CmirC数据库确定了癌症中拷贝数变异 (CNV) 驱动的集群miRNA.
  • 集群miRNAs的差异表达受遗传和表观遗传机制的影响.

研究的目的:

  • 更新CmirC数据库以对集群miRNAs的DNA甲基化分析.
  • 确定DNA甲基化在各种癌症类型中集群miRNA表达中的调节作用.
  • 为了提高用户方便的数据浏览和分析功能.

主要方法:

  • 利用了来自9639个样本的癌症基因组图谱 (TCGA) 甲基化数据集.
  • 分析了215435个甲基化位点和27949个与miRNA集群相关的CpG岛屿.
  • 综合拷贝数变异 (CNV) 和DNA甲基化数据,用于全面分析.

主要成果:

  • 在17种癌症类型中发现了三种显著上调的miRNAs (mir-96,mir-183,mir-21).
  • 在14种癌症类型中发现了34个具有差异甲基化CpG位点的miRNA集群.
  • 在20个可能参与调节的miRNA集群的促进区域中发现了CpG岛屿.

结论:

  • 更新的CmirC数据库为癌症中集群miRNAs的表观遗传调节提供了洞察力.
  • DNA甲基化显著影响集群miRNA的表达,并可能在瘤发生过程中发挥调节作用.
  • 增强的CmirC数据库是了解miRNA向性瘤基因和瘤抑制剂的宝贵资源.