埃塞俄比亚霍乱爆发地点的Vibrio cholerae分离体的流行率和抗菌素敏感性模式

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Abebaw Bitew^1,2, Aschalew Gelaw³, Yitayih Wondimeneh³

¹Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia. abebawbit05@gmail.com.

BMC public health

|July 31, 2024

概括

埃塞俄比亚的霍乱疫情显示,霍乱病毒的流行率很高,特别是O1血清组. 虽然大多数菌株仍然对关键抗生素敏感,但饮用河水是显著的风险因素,突出了安全饮用水的必要性.

科学领域:

微生物学微生物学
公共卫生公共卫生
流行病学流行病学

背景情况:

霍乱是一种由Vibrio cholerae引起的急性传染病,构成严重的全球健康威胁,反映了社会经济差异.
埃塞俄比亚面临着霍乱疫情的持续挑战,需要当地有关流行率和抗菌素耐药性的数据.

研究的目的:

确定埃塞俄比亚霍乱爆发地点的便样本中的Vibrio cholerae的流行率.
分析Vibrio cholerae分离物的抗菌敏感性模式.
在研究人群中确定与霍乱感染相关的风险因素.

主要方法:

从2022年5月到2023年10月,在奥罗米亚,阿姆哈拉和埃塞俄比亚的亚的斯亚贝巴进行了一项横截面研究.
用标准的微生物培养技术和生物化学测试分析了415个便样本,以确定V. cholerae.
凝结试验确定了血清组/血清型,Kirby-Bauer磁盘扩散方法评估了抗生素敏感性. 后勤回归确定了风险因素.

主要成果:

霍乱病毒的发病率为30.1%,在奥罗米亚地区 (43.2%) 发病率最高.
主要的血清组是O1 (90.4%),主要的血清型是Ogawa (86.4%).
隔离体对西普罗夫洛克萨辛 (100%),四环素 (72%) 和胺素 (68%) 具有很高的敏感性,但对三甲胺-硫甲醇 (62.4%) 和安培素 (56.8%) 具有耐药性. 文盲和河水消耗是显著的风险因素.

结论:

在埃塞俄比亚的爆发地发现了高患病率的V. cholerae,主要是O1 Ogawa,在埃塞俄比亚的爆发地发现了高患病率.
虽然通常对几种抗生素敏感,但对三甲-硫甲醇和安培素的耐药性显著.
污染的河水消耗是关键的风险因素,强调需要安全的饮用水干预措施来制霍乱爆发.

关键词:

霍乱病毒病毒 (Vibrio cholerae) 是一种病毒.抗微生物药物是一种抗微生物药物.霍乱疫情爆发,霍乱疫情正在蔓延.

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