在极化上皮细胞中,RhoGDI1调节细胞-细胞结点
Nicolina Wibbe1, Tim Steinbacher1, Frederik Tellkamp2,3
1Institute-Associated Research Group "Cell Adhesion and Cell Polarity", Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Zentrum für Molekularbiologie der Entzündung, University Münster, Münster, Germany.
Frontiers in cell and developmental biology
|August 1, 2024
概括
罗-GDP分裂抑制剂1 (RhoGDI1) 对于上皮细胞结节的形成和迁移至关重要. 它的耗尽延迟了紧密结节的发展,并损害了细胞迁移反应.
科学领域:
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 皮质细胞生物学 皮质细胞生物学
背景情况:
- 在两极分化的上皮细胞中,细胞与细胞接触的形成依赖于Rho GTPases.
- 罗氨酸核酸交换因子 (GEF) 和Rho GTPase激活蛋白 (GAP) 是已知的细胞结合处的调节者.
- 在这个过程中,Rho GDP解离抑制剂 (GDI) 的功能在很大程度上仍未被描述.
研究的目的:
- 研究RhoGDI1 (ARHGDIA) 在极化上皮细胞中细胞接触形成中的作用.
- 阐明RhoGDI1在结点成熟和细胞迁移动态中的参与.
主要方法:
- 使用特定技术减少RhoGDI1.
- 分析细胞-细胞结节的发展和紧密结节的形成.
- 在细胞碰撞和集体迁移时评估细胞迁移行为.
主要成果:
- 由于RhoGDI1的减少,线性细胞-细胞结合的形成和形成屏障的紧密结合的形成显著延迟.
- 在细胞与细胞碰撞后,RhoGDI1的丧失会影响细胞迁移的停止.
- RhoGDI1 枯竭导致集体迁移细胞的迁移速度增加.
- 细胞粘附受体JAM-A有助于RhoGDI1在细胞间接触.
结论:
- 在表皮细胞中,RhoGDI1在调节细胞与细胞接触形成和结节成熟方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
- RhoGDI1 影响细胞-细胞结合和细胞迁移的动态重组.
- 通过JAM-A介导的RhoGDI1的招募突出显示了它与细胞粘附通路的整合.
相关概念视频
Cell Polarization by Rho Proteins
2.7K
Cell polarity is the asymmetric distribution of cellular and membrane components, making one side of the cell different from the other. This polarity is essential to many processes such as embryogenesis, axon migration, glucose transport across epithelial cells, and directional cell migration. A migrating cell responds to intracellular or extracellular signals via molecular cascades that reorganize the actin cytoskeleton to establish this polarity. In these cells, the Rho family proteins Cdc42,...
2.7K
Tight Junctions
5.2K
Tight junctions are molecular seals between cells that prevent the leaking of fluids, ions, and other small solutes across cavities and compartments in multicellular organisms. They are mainly composed of claudin and occludin transmembrane proteins, and other proteins such as tricellulin and JAM (junctional adhesion molecule). All these proteins are 4-pass transmembrane proteins, except JAM, which is a single-pass transmembrane protein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily. The...
5.2K
Cytoskeletal Coordination in Cell Migration
4.7K
A migrating cell changes its shape during the cyclic events of attachment and detachment from the substratum and repositions the cell organelles correspondingly. These complex events are orchestrated by the dynamic cytoskeletal network comprising actin filaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules. Cytoskeletal crosstalk — the direct and indirect communication between the different components — is crucial for this coordination. Direct communication involves various linker...
4.7K
Cell-matrix's Response to Mechanical Forces
2.6K
In animal cells, the extracellular matrix allows cells within tissues to withstand external stresses and transmits signals from the outside of the cell to the inside. The extracellular matrix is extensive, and its composition varies between different types of tissues. For example, the reticular fibers and ground substance make up the ECM in loose connective tissue, while collagen and bone minerals make up the ECM of bone tissue.
Anchoring junctions mechanically attach a cell to the...
Anchoring junctions mechanically attach a cell to the...
2.6K
Anchoring Junctions
3.7K
Anchoring junctions are multiprotein complexes that help cells connect to other cells and the extracellular matrix. Anchoring junctions are present on the lateral and basal surfaces of cells, providing strong and flexible connections. Focal adhesions are often formed due to cell interactions with the ECM substrata, which initiate signal transduction via kinase cascades and other mechanisms. Together, they provide stability and tissue integrity. There are three types of anchoring junctions:...
3.7K
Hedgehog Signaling Pathway
7.3K
The Hedgehog gene (Hh) was first discovered due to its control of the growth of disorganized, hair-like bristles phenotype in Drosophila, much like hedgehog spines. Hh plays a crucial role in the development of organs and the maintenance of homeostasis in both invertebrates and vertebrates. However, while Drosophila has only one Hh protein, mammals have multiple functional Hedgehog proteins - Sonic (Shh), Desert (Dhh), and Indian Hedgehog (Ihh). All of these homologous proteins have adapted to...
7.3K


