自闭症成年人是否会自发地对信仰进行推理? 对替代解释进行详细的探索
Ruihan Wu1, Jing Tian Lim2, Zahra Ahmed1
1Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, UK.
Royal Society open science
|August 1, 2024
概括
自闭症成年人与自发思维斗争,无法预测基于他人的信仰的行为. 这项研究适应了一个范式,以显示它们处理社会线索,但不更新心理表征.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 社会认知是指社会认知.
背景情况:
- 预期的样式在自闭症中对自发性思维产生了不确定的结果.
- 以前的研究表明,自闭症成年人可能不会在错误信念任务中表现出预测性眼动.
研究的目的:
- 完善预测的外观范式,探索对自闭症成年人非典型的错误信念任务表现的替代解释.
- 调查自发心态化的群体差异是否与关键事件的注意力模式有关.
主要方法:
- 实施了一种适应的多试验预测型模式,与匹配的真信念和不同的抑制需求假信念条件相匹配.
- 自闭症和非自闭症的成年人完成了适应的隐性思维任务和明确的思维任务.
主要成果:
- 这两组在明确任务上表现相等.
- 自闭症成年人在隐性任务中的错误信念试验中没有表现出预期的行为.
- 关键的是,两组人都在行动预测之前对社会线索表现出类似的注意力模式,这表明社会信息处理完好,但信念更新受损.
结论:
- 自闭症成年人表现出难以自发地对他人的信仰进行心理化.
- 在自闭症研究中,适应的非语言范式显示出对评估跨不同年龄组和能力的思维有希望.
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