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婴儿和幼儿营养不理想的经济成本后果:一个范围审查

Briana J Jegier¹, Julie P Smith², Melissa C Bartick^3,4

¹Department of Health Administration & Public Health, Baptist Health Sciences University, 1003 Monroe Ave, Memphis, TN 38104, United States.

Health policy and planning

|August 1, 2024

概括

没有母乳养的经济成本是巨大的,全球超过3000亿美元. 需要更多的跨学科研究来准确衡量这些成本,并促进母乳养作为一种重要的公共卫生战略.

科学领域:

公共卫生公共卫生
卫生经济学卫生经济学
儿科儿科儿科

背景情况:

优化母乳养实践对于母婴健康至关重要,但全球母乳养率仍低于50%.
之前的研究表明,低于最佳的母乳养会带来重大的经济后果,全球估计每年约达到3000亿美元.
关于不母乳养对经济影响的现有研究显示,方法,数据来源和报告结果存在相当大的异质性.

研究的目的:

进行关于不母乳养的经济成本的文献范围审查.
绘制和描述不断扩大的研究格局.
确定未来的研究方向,以便更全面地了解母乳养的经济重要性.

主要方法:

系统搜索多个数据库 (PubMed,科学网,EMBASE,MEDLINE,ProQuest) 和手动搜索1996年至2023年间发表的研究.
包括来自不同国家环境的36项研究,重点关注妇女和儿童的结果.
排除宏观经济评估,没有货币价值的研究,以及仅涉及配方养或计划成本的研究.

主要成果:

在各个研究中发现了学科方法和方法的显著多样性.
指出,大多数研究都排除了无偿护理的成本,尽管成本的前景各不相同 (社会,机构,个人).
经济成本主要是由人力资本损失造成的,包括过早死亡和智商 (IQ) 积分下降,总成本在美国每年超过1000亿美元,全球超过3000亿美元.

结论:

加强跨学科的合作对于完善婴儿食暴露定义和改进综合性成本效益测量至关重要.
需要准确的终身成本评估来强调母乳养的经济意义.
将母乳养作为公共卫生战略的优先考虑是非常重要的,因为它具有巨大的经济效益.

关键词:

低于最佳的早期养成本后果成本后果没有母乳养.

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