了解与非药物芬太尼和降低危害相关的临床知识,态度和做法
Elena Whitney1, George Weyer2, Molly Perri2
1Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Substance use & addiction journal
|August 1, 2024
概括
临床医生知道非药物芬太尼 (NPF) 的风险,但在使用降低危害策略方面存在差异. 教育和支持可以改善高危患者的过量服用预防实践.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 临床医学 临床医学
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
背景情况:
- 非药物芬太尼 (NPF) 是全国阿片类药物过量死亡流行病的主要驱动因素.
- 临床医生对于提高认识和实施干预措施以减少与NPF相关的死亡率至关重要.
- 临床医生的知识,态度和实践对NPF和减少危害的研究有限.
研究的目的:
- 评估临床医生关于非药物芬太尼 (NPF) 和降低危害的知识,态度和做法.
- 发现临床医生为应对NPF危机做好准备的差距.
- 评估临床医生对过量预防策略的熟悉度和舒适度.
主要方法:
- 一项由34个问题组成的调查对医院和急诊医生 (成人和儿科) 进行了管理.
- 描述性统计总结了调查结果;基平方和费舍尔的精确测试比较了组.
- 该调查评估了与NPF和减少危害策略相关的知识,态度和做法.
主要成果:
- 大多数临床医生 (88%) 知道NPF的功效;许多人承认在非法阿片类药物 (84%) 和非阿片类药物 (44%) 用户中NPF暴露的可能性.
- 过量预防被认为是重要的 (93%的非法阿片类药物使用者, 86%的非阿片类药物使用者),但很少有临床医生对其非常熟悉 (21%) 或感到舒适 (57%).
- 减少危害策略的使用情况差异很大 (例如,芬太尼尔测试套件7.3%到纳洛70%);儿科临床医生表现出较少的熟悉度和舒适度.
结论:
- 临床医生拥有NPF知识和价值过量预防,但显示危害降低和治疗策略的使用量不同.
- 该研究表明,需要加强临床医生的教育和系统支持,以改善减少危害的做法.
- 有针对性的干预措施是必要的,以加强临床医生参与管理与NPF相关过量剂量风险的患者.
相关概念视频
Analgesia and Pain Management
557
Pain is critical to various clinical pathologies, provoking an urgent need for effective management. Pain, whether acute or chronic, is a complex neurochemical process. Its alleviation depends on the type, with nonopioid analgesics effective for mild to moderate pain, such as musculoskeletal or inflammatory pain, while neuropathic pain responds best to anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, or serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. For severe acute or chronic pain, opioids may be...
557
Opioid Analgesics: Synthetic and Semisynthetic Opioids
260
Synthetic and semisynthetic opioids are pivotal in pain management and tackling opioid addiction. Semisynthetic opioids, including morphinans (morphine derivatives), oxycodone, oxymorphone, hydrocodone, and hydromorphone, have improved pharmacokinetic profiles compared to morphine. Additionally, heroin and 6-MAM (6-Monoacetylmorphine) show better CNS penetration than morphine due to heightened lipid solubility. Hydromorphone, a potent opioid, undergoes hepatic metabolism to form the active...
260
Drug Abuse and Addiction: Pharmacological Phenomena
457
Drug dependence, abuse, and addiction are complex phenomena that can precipitate various abnormal states. Physical dependence refers to a state of pharmacological adaptation to a drug. This adaptation often results in tolerance—a reduced response to the drug after repeated administrations. When the drug use is abruptly stopped, withdrawal symptoms occur due to the body's need to readjust from the pharmacologically induced imbalance. However, tolerance and withdrawal symptoms do not...
457
Opioid Receptors: Overview
650
Opioid receptors, including the mu (μ, MOR), delta (δ, DOR), and kappa (κ, KOR) types, belong to the rhodopsin family of G protein-coupled receptors. These receptors are located throughout the central and peripheral nervous systems and in non-neuronal tissues such as macrophages and astrocytes. Opioid receptor ligands can be categorized into agonists or antagonists. Highly selective agonists include [d-Ala2, MePhe4, Gly(ol)5]-enkephalin or DAMGO for MOR, [D-Pen2,...
650
Opioid Analgesics: Morphine and Other Natural Cogeners
210
Opioids are a class of drugs that mimic endogenous opioid peptides and act on opioid receptors, and help in pain relief. These compounds are classified as natural, synthetic, or semi-synthetic. Natural opioids, like morphine, codeine, and thebaine, are derived from the opium poppy plant (Papaver somniferum or Papaver album) and are termed opiates. Synthetic opioids are artificial, while semi-synthetic opioids combine natural and synthetic compounds. Morphine, a prototypical opioid, possesses a...
210
Prescription, Nonprescription and Orphan Drugs
711
Prescription drugs require a prescription from a medical practitioner and can only be obtained from a pharmacy. They have many applications, including treating pain, anxiety, and hypertension.
The misuse and addiction to prescription drugs is a growing problem that can affect people of all age groups, specifically teenagers. This can happen when prescription medications are used in ways not intended by the prescriber, such as taking someone else's prescription or using medication for...
The misuse and addiction to prescription drugs is a growing problem that can affect people of all age groups, specifically teenagers. This can happen when prescription medications are used in ways not intended by the prescriber, such as taking someone else's prescription or using medication for...
711


