通过覆盖作物混合物改善半干旱农业生态系统服务
Elizabeth A Moore1, Urszula Norton1,2
1Department of Plant Sciences, Department 3354, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, United States of America.
PloS one
|August 1, 2024
概括
用堆肥覆盖作物可以改善干旱地区的土壤健康和碳. 某些混合物可以促进固和减少杂草,而无机肥料则会破坏这些过程.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 土壤科学 土壤科学
- 农业学是一种农业学.
背景情况:
- 在半干旱的北方高原地区,冬季小麦生产面临干旱和土壤肥沃性差.
- 堆肥肥料和覆盖作物提供农业生态系统服务,但覆盖作物可能会耗尽土壤水分.
- 覆盖作物的土壤健康影响,在这个地区的堆肥修改,低湿度的土壤还不太清楚.
研究的目的:
- 评估由堆肥修改的覆盖作物处理对土壤特性,碳和含量以及生物固定 (BNF) 的影响.
- 在不同的覆盖作物和修改制度下评估杂草的存在和生物量.
- 确定覆盖作物是否可以在具有挑战性的环境中提高农业生态系统的健康,而不会损害土壤含水量.
主要方法:
- 四种覆盖作物处理 (菌根混合物,固剂混合物,土壤建设混合物,Phacelia单种植) 在温室条件下种植,土壤水分为7%.
- 用堆肥 (45 Mg ha-1) 或无机肥 (IF) 修改了处理方法.
- 测量包括土壤和植物总碳和,生物二固定 (BNF),杂草生物质和发芽率.
主要成果:
- 使用Mycorrhizal Mix对堆肥进行修改,结果是最高的BNF (48 g m-2) 和土壤碳增加 (1.7%).
- 土壤建筑混合物显示出最高的发芽和地表生物量,减少了60%的杂草生物量,并实现了40 g m-2 BNF,土壤碳增加了1.5%.
- 无机肥在含有豆类的覆盖作物中显著降低了近70%的BNF,并且降低了15%的土壤碳.
结论:
- 用堆肥修改的覆盖作物,特别是菌根混合物和土壤建设混合物,可以在水限条件下增强土壤碳和固定.
- 覆盖作物可以有效地抑制杂草,有助于改善农业生态系统健康.
- 在这种情况下,无机肥对生物固和土壤碳有害,这凸显了有机修改的好处.
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