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代谢抑制在鸟类热调节中的功能性作用
Jochen J Voges1, Marc T Freeman1, Blair O Wolf2
1South African Research Chair in Conservation Physiology, South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa; DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence at the FitzPatrick Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, 0028, South Africa.
Journal of thermal biology
|August 1, 2024
概括
鸟类表现出低代谢或代谢抑制,以在暴露于热量时控制体温. 这种广泛的鸟类特征减少了热量产生,降低了蒸发式冷却需求,提高了耐热性.
科学领域:
- 生理学 生理学 生理学
- 动物生态动物生态学
- 热调节 热调节 热调节
背景情况:
- 活跃的代谢抑制,称为低代谢,在像的状态下观察到内热体.
- 鸟类的休息代谢率 (RMR) 在热中性区域内显示Q10 ≈ 1,低于预期的阿雷尼乌斯效应 (Q10 = 2-3).
- 这表明低代谢有助于鸟类的温度调节,即使在接近或高于正常体温 (Tb) 的温度下也是如此.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究暴露于热量的鸟类中低代谢的发生和程度.
- 重新分析有关Tb和RMR在高温中立区边界附近变化的现有文献数据.
主要方法:
- 重新分析文献数据的重点是特定温度范围内的鸟类 (Tb.inf和Tuc之间的Tair).
- 体温 (Tb) 和休息代谢率 (RMR) 的量化变化.
- 计算Q10值以评估相对于温度的代谢速率变化.
主要成果:
- 低代谢 (Q10 < 2-3) 观察到来自10个被研究的群体中的9个群体的鸟类,这表明了家族遗传的流行.
- 这种现象并不仅限于体质小的物种.
- 在一些物种中,RMR减少了20-30%,这表明代谢热量产生显著减少.
结论:
- 在暴露于热量期间的低代谢是鸟类广泛的温度调节策略.
- 代谢抑制有助于减少热量产生和蒸发式冷却需求.
- 这一策略是鸟类和潜在的其他内热生物耐热性的关键组成部分.
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