主要胆酸7-脱化通过胆酸的应变依赖性诱导
Eduard Vico-Oton1, Colin Volet1, Nicolas Jacquemin1
1Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
BMC microbiology
|August 1, 2024
概括
胆酸 (CA) 在Clostridium scindens中诱导其他胆酸 (BA) 的7-脱化,揭示了新的细菌BA代谢. 不同的细菌物种表现出不同调节胆酸诱导 (bai) 基因.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 生物化学 生物化学
- 代谢学 代谢学 代谢学
背景情况:
- 胆汁酸 (BAs) 对宿主新陈代谢和免疫非常重要.
- 肠道细菌将初级BA转化为二级BA.
- 对于二次BA生产,特别是7-脱基化BA的调节,人们对其了解甚少.
研究的目的:
- 研究主要胆汁酸 (BAs) 的7-脱基化调节,如陈氧化胆汁酸 (CDCA) 和乌尔氧化胆汁酸 (UDCA).
- 确定胆酸 (CA) 在诱导细菌分离物的7-脱化中的作用.
- 在不同细菌物种中比较胆酸诱导 (bai) 基因的调节.
主要方法:
- 使用了人类 (Clostridium scindens) 和小鼠 (Extibacter muris) 的细菌分离物.
- 在不同BA度的试验室中评估了7-脱化活性.
- 测量BAI基因表达,以应对不同的BA和CECAL含量.
- 在体内分析了E. muris.的7-脱基化.
主要成果:
- 克洛斯特里迪亚姆·斯金登斯 (Clostridium scindens) 的CDCA和UDCA的7-脱化是由CA的存在引起的.
- 单独的UDCA并没有诱导bai基因表达;CDCA显示部分上调,由CA增强.
- 埃克斯蒂巴克特·默里斯在体外显示了CA-独立的7-脱化,由含量促进,并证明了体内活性.
结论:
- 胆酸诱导性 (bai) 基因在细菌物种中受到不同的调节.
- 在C. scindens. 中,CA显著促进bai操作子基因表达和7-脱化活性.
- 对于bai基因存在着不同的调节机制,C. scindens和E. muris之间的不同反应证明了这一点.
相关概念视频
Hepatic Drug Excretion: Influencing Factors
105
The biliary system of the liver, crucial for bile secretion and drug excretion, comprises intrahepatic bile ducts that merge to form the common hepatic duct. This duct, carrying hepatic bile, combines with the cystic duct, draining the gallbladder and forming the common bile duct, which empties into the duodenum. Bile, produced by hepatic cells lining the bile canaliculi, is composed primarily of water, bile salts, pigments, electrolytes, and lesser amounts of cholesterol and fatty acids. Bile...
105
Cholesterol: Significance and Regulation
524
Although not a source of energy, cholesterol plays a significant role as a foundational structure for bile salts, steroid hormones, and vitamin D, as well as being a crucial component of plasma membranes. Approximately 15% of blood cholesterol is derived from our diet, with the remainder synthesized from acetyl CoA by the liver and intestines. Cholesterol is eliminated from the body through its conversion into bile salts, which are eventually discarded in the feces.
Considering cholesterol and...
Considering cholesterol and...
524
Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction
436
Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...
436
Hepatic Drug Excretion: Enterohepatic Cycling
1.5K
Enterohepatic cycling involves the active secretion of drugs and their metabolites into the bile via transporters in the canalicular membrane of hepatocytes. This secretion is an integral part of the digestive process, releasing these substances into the gastrointestinal (GI) tract.
Post-release drugs and metabolites can be reabsorbed into the body from the intestine. For conjugated metabolites like glucuronides, reabsorption requires enzymatic hydrolysis by intestinal microflora. This...
Post-release drugs and metabolites can be reabsorbed into the body from the intestine. For conjugated metabolites like glucuronides, reabsorption requires enzymatic hydrolysis by intestinal microflora. This...
1.5K
Acid Halides to Carboxylic Acids: Hydrolysis
2.6K
Hydrolysis of acid halides is a nucleophilic acyl substitution reaction in which acid halides react with water to give carboxylic acids. The reaction occurs readily and does not require acid or a base catalyst.
As shown below, the mechanism involves a nucleophilic attack by water at the carbonyl carbon to form a tetrahedral intermediate. This is followed by the reformation of the carbon–oxygen π bond along with the departure of a halide ion. A final proton transfer step yields carboxylic...
As shown below, the mechanism involves a nucleophilic attack by water at the carbonyl carbon to form a tetrahedral intermediate. This is followed by the reformation of the carbon–oxygen π bond along with the departure of a halide ion. A final proton transfer step yields carboxylic...
2.6K
Direct-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Pharmacokinetics
1.1K
Direct-acting cholinergic agonists, such as synthetic choline esters and naturally occurring alkaloids, exert their effects by enhancing the actions of acetylcholine and stimulating the parasympathetic nervous system. Synthetic choline esters share structural similarities with acetylcholine. For example, they have a positively charged quaternary ammonium or onium group, contributing to their hydrophilic characteristics. As a result, they are poorly absorbed in the body through oral...
1.1K


