Prdm16依赖的抗原呈现细胞诱导对肠道抗原的耐受性
Liuhui Fu1, Rabi Upadhyay1,2, Maria Pokrovskii1,3
1Department of Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
研究人员通过编程调节性T细胞 (Tregs) 来识别了对口服耐受性至关重要的宽容性树突细胞 (tDCs). 这些细胞对于管理对食物和肠道微生物的免疫反应至关重要,为过敏和自身免疫性疾病提供治疗潜力.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 胃肠病学 胃肠病学
背景情况:
- 胃肠道不断遇到食物抗原和微生物,需要免疫调节以防止炎症.
- 周围诱导的T调节细胞 (pTreg) 对于免疫耐受性至关重要,但负责食物耐受性的特定抗原呈现细胞 (APC) 仍然在很大程度上未被定义.
- 众所周知,RORγt+ APCs诱导肠道微生物群特定的pTreg细胞,但它们在口服耐受性中的全部作用和身份尚不完整.
研究的目的:
- 为了识别和表征特定的APC子集,负责诱导调节性T细胞对食物抗原的反应.
- 阐明这些APCs在建立口服耐受性的发展要求和功能作用.
- 为了研究这些调节机制在人类的进化保存.
主要方法:
- 使用基因表达,染色质可访问性和表面标记分析,鉴定了一种新型的RORγt+ APC子集,称为宽容性树突细胞 (tDCs).
- 在小鼠模型中进行遗传干扰研究,以评估tDC缺乏对T细胞分化和口服耐受性的影响.
- 对人体组织 (介质淋巴结,肠道,桃体) 的单细胞转录组分析,以确定保存的tDC群体.
主要成果:
- 确定了一种独特的RORγt+ APCs子集,称为tDCs,对于分化食物和微生物群特异性pTreg细胞至关重要,从而建立口服耐受性.
- tDC的发育和功能取决于转录因子Prdm16和RORγt,以及一个独特的 cis-regulatory 元素.
- 对tDCs的干扰导致T助手2 (Th2) 细胞增加,而不是pTregs,导致小鼠喘和食物过敏模型的耐受性受损.
- 人体组织揭示了表达PRDM16和RORC的候选tDCs,与小鼠tDC共享转录资料,表明一种进化保存的功能.
结论:
- 宽容性树突细胞 (tDCs) 是一种关键的骨髓状APC子集,用于诱导对食物和微生物抗原的调节性T细胞反应,这对于口服耐受性至关重要.
- tDCs的发育和功能由特定的转录因子 (Prdm16,RORγt) 和 cis调节元件调节.
- 了解tDC生物学为管理过敏和自身免疫性疾病以及改善器官移植耐受性提供了潜在的治疗途径.
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