为智力或发育残疾人推进卫生政策和成果:由社区主导的议程
Hoangmai H Pham1, Teal W Benevides2, May-Lynn Andresen1
1Institute for Exceptional Care, Washington, DC.
JAMA health forum
|August 2, 2024
概括
数以百万计的智力和/或发育残疾人 (IDD) 面临着健康差距. 由社区领导的共识提出了国家健康目标和政策解决方案,以改善IDD患者及其照顾者的结果.
科学领域:
- 对弱势群体的健康公平.
- 公共卫生政策和宣传活动
- 残疾人研究和包容性医疗保健
背景情况:
- 美国有超过1000万个人患有智力和/或发育障碍 (IDD).
- 患有IDD的人经历的慢性疾病,心理健康挑战和可预防的死亡率显著更高.
- 现有的医疗保健系统往往无法满足IDD患者及其护理人员的整体健康需求.
研究的目的:
- 根据社区主导的共识模型,为IDD患者提出国家健康目标.
- 确定实现这些目标的关键政策机会和挑战.
- 推进IDD患者及其照顾者/合作伙伴的优先健康结果.
主要方法:
- 采用社区主导的共识模型来确定优先健康结果.
- 分析与IDD患者的医疗保健获取和质量相关的政策机会和挑战.
- 整合社区成员和照顾者的生活经验和观点.
主要成果:
- 一个共识议程,重点关注研究,数据收集,质量测量和劳动力准备.
- 识别对量身定制的支持,服务和护理人员福祉的需求.
- 强调政策变化,以激励培训,改善覆盖范围和增强数据基础设施.
结论:
- 针对IDD患者的以社区为中心的健康优先事项可将其推广到其他患者群体.
- 为付款人和监管机构提供机会,以促进以人为中心的数据收集和质量测量.
- 需要在医疗保健劳动力发展和数据基础设施方面的创新,以支持基于价值的护理.
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