马拉松跑后上呼吸道感染的风险更高:当身体炼成为对免疫系统的威胁时
Amanda Veiga Sardeli1,2, Rafaela Bertini de Araujo1, Jeffrey A Woods3
1Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, School of Physical Education, State University of Campinas, Brazil.
Exercise immunology review
|August 2, 2024
概括
马拉松跑者在比赛后面临上呼吸道感染 (URTI) 的风险增加. 这一元分析证实了这一发现,强调了对运动员预防干预措施的进一步研究的需要.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 马拉松跑步与上呼吸道感染 (URTI) 的风险增加有关.
- 相互矛盾的研究结果和不一致的随访期阻止了关于这种关联的明确共识.
- 随访时间对马拉松跑者URTI发病率的影响需要仔细考虑.
研究的目的:
- 进行元分析,以确定马拉松跑是否会增加尿路感染的风险.
- 调整现有研究中的随访时间变化,以提供更准确的风险评估.
- 综合当前关于跑步者的马拉松后URTI风险的证据.
主要方法:
- 在多个数据库 (MEDLINE,Embase,Scopus,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,EBSCOhost) 进行了全面的文献搜索,截至2022年12月1日.
- 包括基于PICOS框架的研究,重点关注人类群体,马拉松前和后的URTI症状,以及1-4周的随访持续时间.
- 进行了一项元分析,调整了马拉松前后跟踪期的差异,以考虑到时间变化的混.
主要成果:
- 7项研究的元分析显示,马拉松后URTI的发生率高出18% (OR1.18,95% CI [1.05-1.33],p=0.005).
- 分析显示了很高的一致性 (I2 = 0%,p = 0.69),没有证据表明出版偏差 (埃格尔测试p=0.82).
- 确定了中等质量的证据 (GRADE = 3),确定了包括结果测量偏差和干预分类偏差在内的局限性.
结论:
- 马拉松跑步与上呼吸道感染的风险显著增加有关.
- 这些发现强调了在与耐力赛事相关的URTI研究中对随访时间进行调整的重要性.
- 建议对潜在机制进行进一步的研究,以开发有效的干预措施,以减少马拉松后URTI发病率.
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